Skip to main content
. 2017 Feb 17;17:34. doi: 10.1186/s12883-017-0818-1

Table 2.

Clinical findings and treatment outcomes in eight cases of WD with osseomuscular type

No K-F ring Neurologic Examination CP (g/L) Involvement on brain MRI Abdominal ultrasonography Outcomes of Chelation Therapy (Degreea)
Strength Tone Reflex
1 + UE & LE 5 UE ↑ (++) <0.02 Basal ganglia Hepatic diffuse disease (9 months after treatment) Dystonia in the right hand partially relieved; blurred speech persist; walking better (2)
2 + UE & LE 5 Normal (++) 0.02 Basal ganglia and brain stem Hepatic diffuse disease, splenomegaly (3 months after the treatment) Pain relieved with improved speech (0)
3 + UE & LE 5 Normal (++) <0.02 Normal Hepatic diffuse disease, splenomegaly (14 months after treatment) Pain relieved (0)
4 + UE & LE 5 UE & LE ↑ (++) 0.07 N/A Hepatic diffuse disease (after 23 months of inconsecutive treatment) No obvious improvement (3)
5 N/A UE & LE 5 UE ↑ UE & LE (+++) 0.03 Basal ganglia and brain stem Hepatic diffuse disease, splenomegaly N/A
6 + UE & LE 5 UE & LE ↓ (++) 0.03 N/A Normal N/A
7 + UE 5; pLE 4; dLE 4- UE & LE ↓ Knee (+++) 0.02 N/A Hepatic diffuse disease, splenomegaly N/A
8 - UE 4; LE 4- LE ↑ Knee (+++) 0.05 Normal Increased echogenicity (6 months after treatment) Pain relieved with improved joint motion (2)

UE upper extremity, LE lower extremity, dLE distal lower extremity, pLE proximal lower extremity, CP ceruloplasmin, N/A not available

aBased on the published assessment scale for osseomuscular symptoms [7]