Table 2.
Patterns of HL and related demographic and clinical data.
| Description of patterns of HL | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Pattern of hearing loss (HL) | LC2: bilateral high frequency (HF) HL | LC3: normal hearing | LC4: bilateral medium-HF HL | LC5: severe pantonal HL | LC6: left-sided pantonal medium HL | LC7: right-sided pantonal severe HL | LC8: left-sided pantonal severe HL | LC1: lacking audiometry | Total | Prob. F-test |
| Na | 614 | 581 | 378 | 135 | 104 | 81 | 32 | 913 | 2.838 | ||
| Prevalence (adjusted) | (without LC1) | 0.319 | 0.302 | 0.196 | 0.070 | 0.054 | 0.042 | 0.017 | n.a. | 1.00 | n.a. |
| Age | Mean | 53.099 | 41.878 | 58.706 | 61.186 | 53.799 | 57.026 | 57.372 | 51.763 | 51.694 | p < 0.0001 |
| SD | 9.76 | 11.32 | 10.94 | 12.78 | 10.92 | 12.51 | 12.69 | 13.00 | 12.94 | ||
| Age at onset | Mean | 45.201 | 41.726 | 47.869 | 47.944 | 45.765 | 46.908 | 44.630 | 43.053 | 43.213 | p < 0.0001 |
| SD | 11.92 | 11.98 | 13.51 | 16.61 | 10.92 | 14.66 | 16.91 | 14.08 | 13.85 | ||
| Tinnitus Questionnaire total score (at screening) | Mean | 40.178 | 36.813 | 41.894 | 50.944 | 44.768 | 42.519 | 46.500 | 41.639 | 40.910 | p < 0.0001 |
| SD | 17.35 | 17.19 | 16.83 | 17.09 | 17.35 | 17.95 | 17.88 | 18.31 | 17.76 | ||
| Beck Depression Inventory total score (at screening) | Mean | 10.117 | 10.835 | 10.086 | 14.356 | 10.970 | 11.188 | 11.409 | 11.532 | 10.905 | p < 0.01 |
| SD | 8.04 | 8.62 | 7.70 | 9.84 | 10.11 | 7.95 | 8.74 | 9.05 | 8.60 | ||
| TBF-12 total score (at screening) | Mean | 12.772 | 11.970 | 13.158 | 14.971 | 13.563 | 13.083 | 14.733 | 12.706 | 12.801 | p < 0.01 |
| SD | 5.10 | 5.58 | 5.28 | 4.90 | 0.96 | 5.76 | 5.20 | 5.68 | 5.42 | ||
| Severity rating (patient, at screening) | Mean | 3.407 | 3.219 | 3.548 | 3.813 | 3.437 | 3.472 | 3.567 | 3.486 | 3.431 | p < 0.0001 |
| SD | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.81 | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.90 | 0.88 | ||
| CGI rating (patient, at first visit) | Mean | 3.880 | 3.978 | 3.769 | 3.800 | 4.094 | 3.920 | 4.133 | 3.909 | 3.901 | n.s. |
| SD | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.80 | 0.82 | ||
| Categorical variables | Prob. chi-square test | ||||||||||
| Sex | % Female | 24.9 | 36.7 | 27.0 | 50.4 | 50.0 | 46.9 | 46.9 | 30.6 | 32.4 | p < 0.001 |
| Handedness | % Right hand | 83.3 | 84.1 | 83.1 | 87.9 | 80.6 | 73.8 | 78.1 | 83.8 | 83.3 | n.s. |
| Abrupt beginning of tinnitus | % Abrupt | 48.8 | 56.8 | 43.1 | 40.0 | 60.4 | 60.3 | 57.1 | 52.3 | 51.1 | p < 0.001 |
| Tinnitus pulsation | % No | 82.2 | 80.0 | 82.3 | 72.7 | 81.5 | 66.2 | 75.0 | 77.9 | 79.6 | p < 0.01 |
| Location of tinnitusb | % Right | 8.6 | 14.3 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 4.0 | 48.2 | 6.3 | 12.9 | 12.3 | p < 0.001 |
| % Left | 18.2 | 13.1 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 37.6 | 11.1 | 37.5 | 17.7 | 17.1 | ||
| % Both sides (worse left) | 18.2 | 22.6 | 26.3 | 21.2 | 21.8 | 6.2 | 34.4 | 18.7 | 20.6 | ||
| % Both sides (worse right) | 16.7 | 16.6 | 17.6 | 21.2 | 12.9 | 23.5 | 6.3 | 17.2 | 17.1 | ||
| % Both sides equally | 27.8 | 24.5 | 20.6 | 24.2 | 13.9 | 8.6 | 6.3 | 23.8 | 23.4 | ||
| Tinnitus manifestation over time | % Constant | 87.9 | 82.8 | 88.8 | 92.0 | 88.5 | 80.8 | 93.3 | 84.4 | 86.1 | p < 0.05 |
| Loudness variation | % Yes | 60.4 | 61.1 | 55.5 | 64.0 | 63.8 | 59.2 | 63.3 | 61.5 | 60.4 | n.s. |
| Tonal characteristic of tinnitusc | % Tone | 64.8 | 65.6 | 58.3 | 45.2 | 50.5 | 53.3 | 33.3 | 63.7 | 61.3 | p < 0.001 |
| % Noise | 5.7 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 32.5 | 19.0 | 23.4 | 33.3 | 11.3 | 11.9 | ||
| % Crickets | 21.5 | 15.6 | 20.7 | 12.7 | 15.8 | 13.0 | 16.7 | 16.1 | 17.7 | ||
| Tinnitus pitch | % Very high | 30.8 | 27.8 | 23.6 | 27.4 | 28.1 | 18.7 | 30.0 | 29.1 | 27.9 | p < 0.001 |
| % High | 56.1 | 51.8 | 55.8 | 53.0 | 42.2 | 41.3 | 46.7 | 52.0 | 52.8 | ||
| % Medium | 11.9 | 16.0 | 19.4 | 16.2 | 22.9 | 40.0 | 20.0 | 16.6 | 16.8 | ||
| % Low | 1.3 | 4.4 | 1.2 | 3.4 | 6,3 | 0.0 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 2.5 | ||
aDue to missing values, sample sizes might vary.
bLacking categories to 100% are “inside head,” “elsewhere.”
cLacking category is “other.”