Table 4.
Clinical features reported in children with CSLD.
| Cough (%) | Wheeze (%) | Chest deformity (%) | Clubbing (%) | Hemoptysis (%) | Failure to thrive (FTT) (%) | FEV1% predicted, median (range) | FVC% predicted, median (range) | Chest pain (%) | Dyspnea (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-income countries | ||||||||||
| Nikolaizik and Warner (59) | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na |
| Li et al. (60) | 35 | 10 | na | na | na | 4 | 71 (15–133) | 77 (14–22) | na | na |
| Kapur et al. (61) | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na |
| Eastham et al. (55) | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na |
| Zaid et al. (38) | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | na |
| Santamaria et al. (54) | na | na | na | na | na | na | 95 (26–144) | 96 (30–132) | na | na |
| Socially disadvantaged populations of high-income countries | ||||||||||
| Singleton et al. (16) | na | na | na | na | na | 17 | na | na | na | na |
| Edwards et al. (18) | na | na | 60 | 52 | na | 8 | 69 (36–110)b | 86 (33–109)b | na | na |
| Chang et al. (8) | 100c | na | 60 | 26 | na | 73 | 66.2 (38–98) | 70.2 (40.2–110) | na | na |
| Twiss et al. (20) | 40 | na | na | na | na | na | 77 (na) | 85 (na) | na | na |
| Singleton et al. (9) | 50 | 7 | 14 | 10 | na | 82 | na | na | na | 30 |
| 75 | 41 | 18 | 5 | na | 95 | na | na | na | 58 | |
| 52 | 17 | 57 | 45 | na | 74 | na | na | na | 26 | |
| Munro et al. (58) | na | na | 42 | 41 | na | 15 | 66 (18–116)b | 72 (17–123)b | na | na |
| Das et al. (17) | 59 | na | na | na | na | 12 | 78 (63–108) | na | na | na |
| Low- and middle-income countries | ||||||||||
| Karadag et al. (47) | 97 | 47 | 15 | 41 | 10 | na | 63.3 (22.1)b | 67.3 (23.1)b | na | 50 |
| Karakoc et al. (45) | 91 | 48 | na | na | na | na | 68.45 (13.70)b | 70.34 (9.56)b | na | 57 |
| Lai et al. (50) | 93 | 35 | na | 21 | 41 | na | 67.6 (43.8)b | 82.5 (39.1)b | na | 10 |
| Bouyahia et al. (52)a | na | na | 27 | 27 | 5 | na | na | na | na | 34 |
| Banjar et al. (49) | >66 | >66 | na | 33 | 5 | >66 | na | na | na | na |
| Koh et al. (62) | 28 | 28 | na | na | na | na | 83 (7)b | na | na | 28 |
| Kim et al. (63) | 50 | 20 | na | 4 | 8 | na | 63 (na) | 71 (na) | 3 | 25 |
| Dogru et al. (46) | 83 | na | 1 | 13 | 4 | 46 | na | na | na | 9 |
| Babayigit et al. (48) | 100 | 20 | 5 | 23 | 5 | 27 | na | na | na | na |
| Nathan et al. (51) | na | na | na | na | na | na | 52 (32–76) | 58 (37–76) | na | na |
| Kumar et al. (64) | 96 | 53 | na | na | 16 | 10 | na | Na | 43 | na |
| Gokdemir et al. (65) | na | na | na | na | na | na | 79.8 (20.6)b | 80.0 (17.8)b | na | na |
| Bahali et al. (66) | na | na | na | na | na | na | 72.0 (21.9)b | 76.4 (20.0)b | na | na |
Adapted from Kapur et al. (67).
aUnable to access full article. Signs and symptoms overlap often totaling >100%.
bMean ± SD and/or range.
na, not available or not described; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in first second; FVC, forced vital capacity
cStudy inclusion specifically >4 months daily moist and/or productive cough. FTT was inconsistently defined. In the Singleton study (9), FTT was reported as ≤2 SD below norm.