Table 2.
Characteristics of the included RCTs for skin diseases.
| First author, year | Location of propolis production, chemical composition of propolis | Used form of propolis, amount used | Patient's disease, sample size (randomized/analysed) | Experimental group (intervention, regimen) | Control group (intervention, regimen) | Outcome measures | Main results | AE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gregroy, 2002 [24] | n.r., n.r. | Cream, n.r. | Second-degree burns, 33/23d | (A) PC, n = 23d, 1 session | (B) SSD, n = 23d, 1 session | (1) CFU (2) Duration of treatment for burns |
(1) NS (2) (A) better than (B) but NS |
n.r. |
|
| ||||||||
| Kucharzewski, 2013 [25] | Poland, n.r. | Ointment, n.r. | Varicose veins of lower extremities with ulcer, 56/56 | (A) PO + rinsing the ulcer with PSCS + compression treatment, n = 28, PO: 7 to 42 sessions (1 time per day until healing); the others: 7 to 42 sessions (1 time per week until healing) | (B) Rinsing the ulcer with PSCS + compression treatment, n = 28, 28 to 102 sessions (1 time per week until healing) | (1) Duration of treatment for ulcer | (1) Positiveb | n.r. |
|
| ||||||||
| Ngatu, 2011 [26] | Japan, n.r. | Extract, n.r. | Tinea capitis and tinea versicolour, 242/188 | (A) PE (50 mg/mL), n = 26, 28 sessions (1 time per day for 28 days) | (B) PE (100 mg/mL), n = 29, 28 sessions (1 time per day for 28 days) (C) Acacia honey, n = 31, 28 sessions (1 time per day for 28 days) (D) Miconazole, n = 50, 28 sessions (1 time per day for 28 days) (E) Vaseline, n = 52, 28 sessions (1 time per day for 28 days) |
(1) Pruritus (2) Papule, pustule (3) Erythema (4) Desquamation (5) WBC (6) Leukocytes |
(1) (A)b, (B)b, (C)a, (D)b significantly better than (E) (2) Significant difference in (A)b, (B)b, (C)b, (D)c (3) (A)c, (B)c, (C)c, (D)c significantly better than (E) (4) (A)c, (B)c, (C)c, (D)c significantly better than (E) (5) (A)b, (B)a, (D)a, significantly better than (E), but NS between (C) and (E) (6) NS |
Itch (1 in group (D)) |
|
| ||||||||
| Park, 2013 [27] | Korea, n.r. | Mask pack, 2 g | Acne, 30/30 | (A) PMP, n = 15, 10 sessions (1 time per week for 4 weeks) | (B) PPMP, n = 15, 10 sessions (1 time per week for 4 weeks) | (1) Skin conditions ① Moisture ② Sebum ③ Elasticity (2) Number of acne lesions ① Stuff ② Papule ③ Pustule |
(1) ① Negativeb ②, ③ Negativea (2) ①, ② NS ③ Negativea |
n.r. |
|
| ||||||||
| Yin, 2013 [28] | China, n.r. | Ointment, n.r. | Other specified diabetes mellitus with foot ulcer, 60/60 | (A) PO + VT, n = 30, PO: 4 times per day for 17 months, VT: 24 months | (B) VT, n = 30, 24 months | (1) TER for ulcer | (1) Positivea | n.r. |
a P < 0.05; bP < 0.01; cP < 0.001; dsame patients with two burn areas received PC and SSD.
AE: adverse events; CFU: colony forming units; negative: (B) significantly better than (A); n.r.: not reported; NS: no significant difference between groups; PC: propolis cream; PE: propolis extract; PMP: propolis mask pack; PO: propolis ointment; positive: (A) significantly better than (B); PPMP: pine pollen mask pack; PSCS: physiological sodium chloride solution; SSD: silver sulfadiazine; TER: total effective rate; VT: vasodilator therapy; WBC: white blood cell.