Table 1.
Characteristics of patients by CYP2D6 metabolizer phenotype
|
CYP2D6 phenotypes
| |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feature | Overall cohort | Ultrarapid | Extensive to ultrarapid | Extensive | Intermediate to extensive | Intermediate | Poor to intermediate | Poor | P-value |
| Patients, n (%) | 929 (100) | 74 (8.0) | 145 (16) | 195 (21) | 179 (19) | 203 (22) | 64 (6.9) | 69 (7.4) | – |
| Age, median (IQR), years | 49 (46–52) | 49 (45–52) | 48 (47–52) | 48 (45–52) | 49 (46–51) | 49 (45–52) | 49 (47–51) | 50 (46–52) | 0.46 |
| Female, % | 54 | 62 | 50 | 53 | 49 | 62 | 53 | 49 | 0.08 |
| Minnesota tier, % | 0.03 | ||||||||
| 0 | 13 | 11 | 5.6 | 13 | 18 | 17 | 7.8 | 8.8 | |
| 1 | 62 | 53 | 65 | 64 | 56 | 63 | 73 | 65 | |
| 2 | 20 | 27 | 26 | 19 | 19 | 15 | 14 | 22 | |
| 3 | 4.9 | 6.8 | 2.8 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 4.4 | |
| 4 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 6.9 | 0 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Disease,a % | |||||||||
| Depression | 7.0 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 2.7 | 10.5 | 0.44 |
| Arthritis | 5.7 | 10.6 | 5.7 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 2.6 | 0.45 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.90 |
| Congestive heart failure | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Smoking status,b % | 0.72 | ||||||||
| Current | 3.6 | 5.9 | 2.6 | 3.9 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 5.4 | 5.3 | |
| Former smoker | 28.3 | 31.8 | 28.2 | 31.9 | 28.7 | 26.5 | 25.7 | 21.3 | |
| Never | 68.1 | 62.4 | 69.2 | 64.3 | 69.2 | 70.2 | 68.9 | 73.3 | |
| Alcohol consumption,b % | 0.28 | ||||||||
| Never | 14.5 | 16.5 | 10.3 | 12.1 | 19.1 | 15.9 | 17.6 | 9.2 | |
| Once monthly or less | 22.3 | 22.4 | 19.9 | 24.2 | 20.1 | 21.5 | 32.4 | 19.7 | |
| 2–4 times monthly | 27.7 | 24.7 | 32.7 | 29.5 | 25.8 | 26.2 | 21.6 | 31.6 | |
| 2–5 times weekly | 27.5 | 30.6 | 23.7 | 28.0 | 28.4 | 29.4 | 20.3 | 30.3 | |
| ≥6 times weekly | 8.0 | 5.9 | 13.5 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 8.1 | 9.2 | |
| Medication use,c % | |||||||||
| Oxycodone | 53.3 | 63.5 | 54.4 | 52.4 | 50.0 | 54.6 | 47.3 | 52.6 | 0.44 |
| Codeine | 38.9 | 43.5 | 34.2 | 39.9 | 38.3 | 38.9 | 48.6 | 32.9 | 0.37 |
| Hydrocodone | 35.9 | 45.9 | 39.2 | 34.1 | 33.7 | 32.9 | 32.4 | 40.8 | 0.30 |
| Tramadol | 26.4 | 28.2 | 27.2 | 23.1 | 24.0 | 30.6 | 23.0 | 28.9 | 0.60 |
| Morphine | 10.9 | 22.4 | 9.5 | 10.6 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 8.1 | 3.9 | 0.01 |
| Metoprolol | 10.5 | 11.8 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 8.2 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 0.82 |
| Amitriptyline | 6.2 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 7.4 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 0.07 |
Notes:
a
The proportion for each disease was calculated by using January 1, 2005 as the prevalence date and searching the electronic medical records for the 5 years preceding the prevalence date.
b
Frequency data were collected upon enrollment in the Mayo Clinic Biobank.
c
The proportion for each medication was calculated from the medication prescription history (≥1 prescription for each medication) in the electronic health record.
Abbreviations: CYP2D6, cytochrome P450 2D6; IQR, interquartile range.