Table 2.
Age at Smoking Cessation and Mortality in Participants of the NIH-AARP Study Aged Over 70
| Smoking status | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cause of death | Current (n=9,591) |
Quit 60–69y (n=8,412) |
Quit 50–59y (n=19,046) |
Quit 40–49y (n=21,424) |
Quit 30– 39y (n=21,553) |
Never (n=60,973) |
| Death from all causes | ||||||
| Number of deaths (%) | 3,175 (33.1) | 2,343 (27.9) | 4,553 (23.9) | 4,214 (19.7) | 3,483 (16.2) |
7,378 (12.1) |
| Rate per 100,000 | 5,900.22 (5,690.38, 6,110.06) |
4,588.35 (4,402.06, 4,774.65) |
3,821.28 (3,710.15, 3,932.41) |
3,017.59 (2,925.23, 3,109.96) |
2,349.6 (2,268, 2,431.2) |
1,884.4 (1,840.46, 1,928.34) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratioa |
1.00 (ref) | 0.77 (0.73, 0.81) |
0.64 (0.61, 0.67) |
0.51 (0.49, 0.54) |
0.41 (0.39, 0.43) |
0.32 (0.30, 0.33) |
| Death from lung cancer |
||||||
| Number of deaths (%) | 630 (6.6) | 375 (4.5) | 630 (3.3) | 441 (2.1) | 260 (1.2) | 180 (0.3) |
| Rate per 100,000 | 1,155.63 (1,063.28, 1,247.98) |
741.47 (666.21, 816.72) |
528.9 (487.55, 570.25) |
318.33 (288.21, 348.44) |
177.09 (154.56, 199.62) |
44.8 (38.1, 51.49) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio |
1.00 (ref) | 0.64 (0.56, 0.73) |
0.46 (0.41, 0.51) |
0.28 (0.25, 0.32) |
0.16 (0.14, 0.19) |
0.04 (0.03, 0.05) |
| Death from other smoking related cancersb |
||||||
| Number of deaths (%) | 205 (2.1) | 149 (1.8) | 346 (1.8) | 361 (1.7) | 332 (1.5) | 619 (1.0) |
| Rate per 100,000 | 282.13 (235.74, 328.52) |
175.63 (138.82, 212.44) |
198.92 (173.62, 224.21) |
159.19 (138.19, 180.19) |
123.69 (105.95, 141.44) |
94.04 (84.1, 103.98) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio |
1.00 (ref) | 0.72 (0.60, 0.87) |
0.73 (0.62, 0.84) |
0.66 (0.57, 0.77) |
0.57 (0.49, 0.66) |
0.46 (0.40, 0.53) |
| Death from respiratory infection | ||||||
| Number of deaths (%) | 540 (5.6) | 394 (4.7) | 602 (3.2) | 369 (1.7) | 206 (1.0) | 257 (0.4) |
| Rate per 100,000 | 984.85 (899.87, 1,069.83) |
769.42 (693.25, 845.6) |
510.72 (469.87, 551.58) |
269.6 (241.68, 297.52) |
138.54 (118.74, 158.33) |
64.2 (56.16, 72.23) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio |
1.00 (ref) | 0.78 (0.68, 0.89) |
0.52 (0.46, 0.58) |
0.28 (0.25, 0.32) |
0.16 (0.13, 0.18) |
0.07 (0.06, 0.08) |
| Death from heart disease |
||||||
| Number of deaths (%) | 722 (7.5) | 565 (6.7) | 1,210 (6.4) | 1,159 (5.4) | 939 (4.4) | 2,072 (3.4) |
| Rate per 100,000 | 1,358.68 (1,257.43, 1,459.94) |
1,104.7 (1,013.36, 1,196.04) |
1,010.01 (953.03, 1,066.98) |
817.19 (769.55, 864.83) |
623.14 (581.55, 664.74) |
540.09 (516.36, 563.83) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio |
1.00 (ref) | 0.79 (0.71, 0.89) |
0.73 (0.66, 0.80) |
0.60 (0.55, 0.66) |
0.46 (0.42, 0.51) |
0.39 (0.35, 0.42) |
| Death from stroke | ||||||
| Number of deaths (%) | 132 (1.4) | 84 (1.0) | 178 (0.9) | 189 (0.9) | 180 (0.8) | 455 (0.8) |
| Rate per 100,000 | 246.14 (203.22, 289.07) |
163.74 (128.64, 198.83) |
149.86 (127.82, 171.91) |
138.72 (118.63, 158.81) |
124.3 (105.26, 143.34) |
111.47 (100.97, 121.96) |
| Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio |
1.00 (ref) | 0.66 (0.50, 0.86) |
0.61 (0.49, 0.77) |
0.57 (0.45, 0.71) |
0.52 (0.42, 0.65) |
0.45 (0.37, 0.55) |
a
Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios adjusted for age at baseline, sex, education level, and alcohol use
b
Other smoking cancers to include all other cancers determined by the Surgeon General's report to be causally associated with cancer, including bladder, esophageal, stomach, head and neck, colorectal, kidney and renal pelvis, and pancreatic cancers, and acute myeloid leukemia.
NIH-AARP, National Institutes of Health-AARP Study