Figure 4. Anti-HIV-1 activities of nucleoside analogues in differentiated THP-1 cells after Vpx knockdown of endogenous SAMHD1 expression.

Antiviral activities were determined in differentiated (PMA⁺) THP-1 cells expressing endogenous SAMHD1 and after transduction with Vpx. Cells were cultured in the presence of increasing concentrations of Aciclovir (ACV) (A), Ganciclovir (GCV) (B), Clofarabine (CFB) (C), Stavudine (d4T) (D), Didanosine (ddI) (E) and Abacavir (ABC) (F). Cells were incubated with HIV-1-GFP and the percentage of infected GFP⁺ cells was measured by flow cytometry. Cells expressing SAMHD1 (Vpx⁻) (blue filled circles), cells transduced with Vpx (Vpx⁺) (red filled circles) are shown. Infectivity data is plotted as the normalised percentage of GFP⁺ cells against drug concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation from at least 2 independent experiments.