Table 2.
Physical performance and physiological parameters (indirect calorimetry, cycling test, handgrip strength)
| Unit | PRE | POST | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indirect calorimetry | ||||
| REE | kcal/day | 1523 ± 329 | 1430 ± 338 | 0.038 |
| RERrest | 0.86 (0.75–1.14) | 0.79 (0.69–0.85) | <0.001 | |
| Spiroergometry, EKG and Borg scale | ||||
| VO2peak (absolute) | l/min | 2.55 ± 0.68 | 2.49 ± 0.69 | 0.023 |
| VO2peak (relative) | ml/min*kg | 36.7 ± 8.5 | 36.8 ± 9.0 | 0.808 |
| VT1 | l/min | 1.23 (0.79–2.83) | 1.19 (0.73–2.69) | 0.233 |
| Pmax | W | 241 ± 57 | 231 ± 57 | <0.001 |
| HRmax | 1/min | 176 ± 14 | 177 ± 14 | 0.268 |
| HRrest | 1/min | 57 ± 7 | 59 ± 7 | 0.008 |
| Spinning speed | rpm | 60 (58–65) | 60 (58–64) | 0.274 |
| Rating of perceived exertion | 17 (13–19) | 18 (14–19) | 0.052 | |
| Questionnaires | ||||
| Physical activitya | kcal/week | 2575 (615–12915) | 2464 (625–13760) | 0.457 |
| MET-hours/week | 34.6 (8.5–156.1) | 36.7 (8.5–170.4) | 0.264 | |
| Handgrip strength | ||||
| Maximum strength | kg | 40.1 ± 8.8 | 41.0 ± 9.1 | 0.047 |
Abbreviations: HR heart rate, MET metabolic equivalent of task, VO 2 oxygen consumption, Pmax Peak power, REE 24-h resting energy expenditure, RER respiratory exchange ratio, rpm revolutions per minute, VT ventilatory threshold, W watt
aPhysical activity is expressed by the rate of energy expenditure in MET based on the reference data published by Ainsworth et al. [25]. One MET for a reference adult is approximately 1 kcal/kg*h