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. 2017 Feb 20;18:86. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1448-x

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Illustration of the determination of the facet orientations in reconstructed cervical spine. The facet plane bisects the facet joint space; the transverse plane parallel to the superior endplate of the vertebral body and perpendicular to the sagittal plane; the sagittal plane bisects the vertebral body; the coronal plane are perpendicular to both the transverse plane and the sagittal plane (a). The normal vectors of one facet plane (n₁) and transverse plane (n₂), of which the coordinates were used for the calculation of the angle between the facet plane and transverse plane (b)