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. 2017 Mar;112(3):161–174. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760160463

TABLE. Summary of studies of the Lutzomyia longipalpis species complex.

Species CC Localities Morphology Crossing Pheromone Song/ behavior Molecular markers Citogenetic Maxadilan
Isoenzyme Mitochondrial Microsatellite Nuclear RAPD
Lu. longipalpis AR Posadas (Misiones)     9MGB50         per 50      
  BO Apa Apa, Guayabal and Imanaco (La Paz), Toro Toro (Potosi) [13]       [13]            
    Yungas (La Paz)         [5]            
  BR Abaetetuba (Pará-PA)         [10]            
    Adamantina, Araçatuba, Bauru, Dracena, Jales, Lourdes, Marília, Oswaldo Cruz, Presidente Prudente, Promissão and Salmourão (São Paulo-SP)     9MGB56                
    Afonso Cláudio (Espírito Santo-ES), Aracajú (Sergipe-SE), Barcarena and Cametá (PA), Ipanema and Nova Porteirinha (Minas Gerais-MG), Passira (Pernambuco-PE)     Cemb-160 B58              
    Aquidauana, Bonito and Miranda (Mato Grosso do Sul-MS) [55]           [53]        
    Bacabal (Maranhão-MA)         [19, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33   per 49      
    Fortaleza and Itapipoca (Ceará-CE)         [19, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Barra de Guaratiba (Rio de Janeiro-RJ)     9MGB45         per 46      
    Baturite (CE)         [19, 31, 33] COI 30; COI, 12S and 16S33   per 49      
    Belo Horizonte (MG), Niteroi, Rio Bonito and Saquarema (RJ)     9MGB60                
    Bodocó (PE), Caririaçú (CE)               1S/2S: per 57      
    Cáceres (Mato Grosso-MT)           COI 59          
    Calumbi (PE), João Pessoa and Patos (PA)           cyt b 42     [40]    
    Camaçari (Bahia-BA)                 [40]    
    Camará (PA)     Cemb-160 B58 [19, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Campo Grande (MS) 1S, 2S: [55]   9MGB56       [53]        
    Canindé (CE), São José de Ribamar (MA) [22]       [22]            
    Cavunge and Jequié (BA)     3MαH60 P158              
    Aguas da Prata, Campinas, Espírito Santo do Pinhal, Indaiatuba, Salto, Socorro, Votorantin (SP)     Cemb-156                
    Estrela de Alagoas (Alagoas-AL) 1S, 2S: [55]   1S: Cemb-139 2S: Cemb-139 1S: P546 2S: B46     [53] 1S, 2S: per 46, para 52      
    Feira de Santana, Juazeiro and Monte Santo (BA)           cyt b 34, 42          
    Itamaracá (PE)     Cemb-160 B58   cyt b 34, 42     [40]    
    Jacobina (BA)   [6, 41] 3MαH11c P127 , [45] [16, 19, 31, 33] ND4 26, COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33 [38] per 28a, cac 25,35, para 52   [17] [21]
    Jaíba (MG)     1S: Cemb-236 2S: Cemb-136 1S: P446 2S: B46       1S/2S: per 46, para 52      
    Lapinha (MG) [22] [2, 6, 8, 41] 9MGB3, 11a, 39 P227 , [45] [8, 16, 15, 10, 19, 22 , 31, 33] ND4 26, COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33 [38] per 28a, cac 25,35, para 52, #54   [17] [9, 18, 21]
    Lassance (MG), Pirenópolis (Goiás-GO)     9MGB60 P458              
    Maceió (AL)     Cemb-160                
    Marajó (PA)   [2, 6] Cemb-14 B37 [16]   [38] per 37 , para 52     [18]
    Mesquita (RJ)       Mix46       per 46      
    Montes Claros (MG)     9MGB39   [19, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Morada Nova (CE)   [2,6] Cemb-13                
    Natal (RN) [22] [41] Cemb-138 B27, [45] [16, 22] cyt b 34, 42 [38] per 28a, cac 35, para 52      
    Pacaraima Montains (Roraima-RO)         [33] COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33   per 49      
    Palmas (Tocantins-TO)       1S: P458 2S: B58              
    Pancas (ES)     Cemb-146 B46 [16] cyt b 34, 42, COI 59   per 46, cac 35, para 52, #54      
    Porto Nacional (TO)     9MGB51 Cemb-151                
    Russas & Icó (CE) [1]                    
    Salvaterra (PA) [22]       [19, 22, 31] COI 30          
    San Pedro (SP)     9MGB + Cemb-156                
    Santarém (PA)     Cemb-14, 39   [16, 19, 31, 33] COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33          
    São Luiz (MA)   [6] 9MGB60   [16]     per 49 [40]    
    Sobral (CE)   [2, 6, 41] 1S: 9MGB4, 39 2S: Cemb-16, 39 1S: P337, [43, 45] 2S: B37, [43, 45] [12, 19, 31, 33] ND4 26, COI, 12S and 16S rRNA33 [32, 38] 1S/2S: per 28b,49,57, cac 35, para 44, #54      
    Sol da Costa (AL)     Cemb-139                
    Sorocaba (SP)     Cemb-156                
    Teresina (Piauí-PI)     9MGB46 P346       per 46, para 52 [40]    
    Três Lagoas (MS) 1S, 2S: [55]   9MGB60       [53]        
  CO Bucaramanga (Santander)         [31, 33] COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Duranía (Santander)         [15, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33         [18]
    El Callejón (Huila)         [10, 16] ND4 26       [17] [18, 21]
    Girón (Santander)           ND4 26          
    L’Aguila (Tolima)     9MGB7                
    Melgar (Tolima)   [8]     [8, 10, 12, 15]           [9]
    Neiva (Huila)         [15, 31, 33] ND4 26, COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33   per 49     [18]
    Palo Gordo (Santander)         [15, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
  CR Brasilito (Guanacaste)         [14, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33   per 49     [18, 21]
    Liberia (Guanacaste)   [8] 9MGB11b,   [8, 14, 20, 31, 33] ND4 26, COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33   per 49   [17] [9, 18, 21]
    Northern         [10]            
  GT Tulumajillo (El Progreso)           ND4 26          
  HN Isla El Tigre, Los Guatales, Rancho Grande, San Francisco del Coray         [14, 31, 33] ND4 26, COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Orocuina, Pavana and San Juan Batista (Choluteca)         [14, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Tololar (Choluteca)     9MGB11b                
  NI Cinco Pinos, Somotillo [13]                    
    Las Huertas, Pochomil         [14, 31, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
  PA Vila Elisa (Asunción)     9MGB47                
  VE Altagracia (Guarico)         [20]   [38]        
    El Pao (Cojedes) [24]       [23, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Curarigua (Lara), Trujillo [24]       [23, 33] COI 30, COI, 12S and 16S33   per 49      
    El Layero (Guarico)     9MGB38       [38]        
    El Paso (Lara)         [20, 33] COI, 12S and 16S33          
    Guayabita (Aragua) [24]   9MGB38   [23]   [38]        
    Las Cabreras (Nueva Esparta)             [38]        
    La Rinconada (Lara), Mapire (Anzoategui)         [20]            
Lu. cruzi BR Cáceres (MT)           COI 59          
    Corumbá (MS) 1S, 2S: [55]   9MGB29 B48     [38,53] per 48, para 52      
    Ladário (MS)     9MGB38       [38]        
  BO El Carmen     9MGB60                
Lu. pseudolongipalpis VE El Paso (Lara)     3MαH24                
    La Rinconada (Lara) [24]   3MαH38       [38] per 49      

CC: country codes; AR: Argentina; BO: Bolivia; BR: Brazil; CO: Colombia, CR: Costa Rica; GT: Guatemala; HN: Honduras; NI: Nicaragua; PA: Paraguay; VE: Venezuela. References: 1Mangabeira Filho (1969); 2Ward et al. (1983); 3Lane et al. (1985); 4Phyllips et al. (1986); 5Bonnefoy et al. (1986); 6Ward et al. (1988); 7Hamilton and Ward (1991); 8Lanzaro et al. (1993); 9Warburg et al. (1994); 10Morrison et al. (1995); 11aHamilton et al. (1996a); 11bHamilton et al. (1996b); 11cHamilton et al. (1996c); 12Mukhopadhyay et al. (1997); 13Dujardin et al. (1997); 14Mutebi et al. (1998); 15Lanzaro et al. (1998); 16Mukhopadhyay et al. (1998b); 17Yin et al. (1999); 18Lanzaro et al. (1999); 19Mutebi et al. (1999); 20Lampo et al. (1999); 21Yin et al. (2000); 22de Azevedo et al. (2000); 23Arrivillaga et al. (2000); 24Arrivillaga and Feliciangeli (2001); 25Oliveira et al. (2001); 26Soto et al. (2001); 27Souza et al. (2002); 28aBauzer et al. (2002a); 28bBauzer et al. (2002b); 29Brazil and Hamilton (2002); 30Arrivillaga et al. (2002); 31Mutebi et al. (2002); 32Maingon et al. (2003); 33Arrivillaga et al. (2003); 34Hodgkinson et al. (2003); 35Bottechia et al. (2004); 36Hamilton et al. (2004); 37Souza et al. (2004); 38Watts et al. (2005); 39Hamilton et al. (2005); 40Balbino et al. (2006); 41Souza et al. (2008); 42Coutinho-Abreu et al. (2008); 43Rivas et al. (2008); 44Lins et al. (2008); 45Souza et al. (2009); 46Araki et al. (2009); 47Brazil et al. (2009); 48Vigoder et al. (2010); 49Golczer and Arrivillaga (2010); 50Salomón et al. (2010); 51Brazil et al. (2010); 52Lins et al. (2012); 53Santos et al. (2013); 54Araki et al. (2013); 55Santos et al. (2015); 56Casanova et al. (2015); 57Lima-Costa Jr et al. (2015); 58Vigoder et al. (2015); 59Pinto et al. (2015); 60Spiegel et al. (2016). #: 18 additional nuclear markers analysed by Araki et al. (2013) (CG9297, CG9769, eno, kinC, mlcc, norpA, obp19a, rpL17A, rpL36, rpS19, sesB, slh, sec22, sod2, tfIIAL, tropC, up, ζcop).