Table 4.
Exp. 1 (Emotion discrimination –ED- task) statistical effects on mean amplitudes analyzed over six 50ms time windows at 3 clusters (occipital cluster - Occ: O1, Oz, O2-, Left lateral cluster – Llat: CB1, P7, PO7, P9- and Right lateral cluster – Rlat: CB2, P8, PO8, P10), with F, p and ηp2 values. LE, left eye; RE, right eye; No, nose; Mo, mouth; F, fear; H, happiness; N, neutral. Significant Bonferroni-corrected paired comparison tests are also reported with their p values (e.g., H < F + N means that mean amplitude for happy was significantly smaller compared to both fearful and neutral expressions, while H + F < N means that mean amplitudes for both happy and fearful faces were significantly smaller than to neutral expressions). Effects reported in italics in parenthesis are effects that were weak and not clear and thus were treated as non-significant and not discussed in the text.
| Statistical effects | 50–100ms | 100–150ms | 150–200ms | 200–250ms | 250–300ms | 300–350ms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixation location | - |
F (3,57)= 22.41, p<.0001, ηp2 =.54 Mo > LE > RE + No |
F(1.78,33.87)= 12.46, p<.0001, ηp2=.4 LE + RE + Mo < No |
F(3,57)= 3.78, p=.024, ηp2=.17, RE + Mo < No | - | - |
| Emotion | - | - |
F(2,38)= 22.32, p<.0001, ηp2=.54 F< H+N |
F(2,38)= 31.26, p<.0001, ηp2=.62, F<H<N |
F(2,38)= 23.33, p<.0001, ηp2=.55 F<H<N |
F(2,38)= 21.32, p<.0001, ηp2=.53 F<H<N |
| Cluster X Emotion | - |
F(4,76)= 7.23, p<.0001, ηp2=.28 *Occ: F (2,38)= 7.09, p=.003, ηp2= .27 H<N (p=.009); H<F (p=.025); *Llat: no emotion effect *Rlat: F (2,38)= 5.16, p=.014, ηp2=.21, F>N (p=.013); |
- |
F(4,76)= 2.95, p=.037, ηp2=.13 *Occ: F (2,38)= 11.6, p<.0001, ηp2=.38 H<N (p=.037) *Llat: F (2,38)= 29.39, p<.0001, ηp2=.61 F<H ; F<N (ps<.001) *Rlat: F (2,38)= 29.34, p<.0001, ηp2=.61 F<H; F<N; H<N (ps<.005) |
- | - |
| Cluster X Fixation location | - (F(3.47,66.02)= 5.27, p=.002, ηp2 =.22, *Occ: no fixation effect *Llat: F(1.96,37.33)= 4.2, p=.023, ηp2=.18, Paired Comparisons ns *Rlat: F(3,57)=3.48, p=.031; ηp2=.16 Paired Comparisons ns) |
F(6,114)= 21.89, p<.0001, ηp2=.54 *Occ: F(3,57)= 35.25, p<.0001, ηp2=.65 Mo > all (ps<.0001); LE > RE (p=.015) *Llat: F(3,57)= 12.54, p<.0001, ηp2=.4 LE > RE + No (ps<.001) *Rlat: F(3,57) =5.19, p=.004; ηp2 =.22 Mo > No (p=.005) |
F(3.28,62.34)= 3.34, p=.021, ηp2=.15 *Occ: F(1.91, 36.34)= 4.2, p=.024, ηp2=.18; No + Mo > eyes but paired comparisons ns *Llat: F(3,57)= 11.31, p<.0001, ηp2 =.37 RE < LE < No *Rlat: F(3,57) =15.33, p<.0001; ηp2=.45 LE + RE < Mo < No |
- | - |
- (F(2.88,54.67)= 2.82, p=.05, ηp2=.13 *Occ: no fixation effect *Llat: no fixation effect *Rlat: no fixation effect) |
| Emotion X Fixation location | - | - |
F (6, 114) = 3.03, p=.009, ηp2=.14 *LE: no emotion effect *RE: F(2,38) = 4.85, p=.013, ηp2=.2; F<N (p=.028) *No: F(2,38) = 6.85, p=.003, ηp2=.26; F<H (p=.016); F<N (p=.01) *Mo: F(2,38) = 15.38, p<.0001, ηp2=.45; F<N ; H<N (ps<.001) |
- |
F (6,114) = 2.47, p=.048, ηp2=.12, *LE: F(2,38) = 14.72, p<.001, ηp2=.44; F<H; F<N (ps<.005) *RE: F(2,38) = 16.23, p<.001, ηp2=.46; F<H (p=.017); F<N (p<.0001) *No: no emotion effect *Mo: F(2,38) = 7.99, p=.001, ηp2=.30; F<N (p=.007); H<N (p=.015); |
F (6, 114) = 3.27, p=.012, ηp2=.15 *LE: F(2,38) = 9.81, p=.001, ηp2=.34; F<N (p=.001) *RE: F(2,38) = 11.03, p<.001, ηp2=.37; F<N (p<.001) *No: no emotion effect *Mo: F(2,38) = 16.56, p<.0001, ηp2=.47; F<N (p=.001); H<N (p<.001); |
| Cluster X Emotion X Fixation location |
- | - (F(6.45,122.5)= 2.5, p=.023, ηp2=.12 *Occ: no emo x fix *Llat: no emo x fix *Rlat: emo x fix, F(6,114)= 3.35, p=.011, ηp2 =.15 but no emotion effect for any fixation location) |
- | - | - | - |