Table 1.

Group characteristics.

Measure	Young (n=22)	Old (n=21)
Age	21.33 (19.41, 23.25)	67.86 (66.06, 69.66)
Gender (F/M)	9/13	14/7
Education	14.21 (13.51, 14.91)	15.21 (14.22, 16.20)
Letter Fluency	46.39 (40.30, 52.48)	50.61 (40.93, 60.29)
List Recall (Immediate)	10.28 (9.43, 11.13)	9.16 (7.74, 10.58)
List Recall (Immediate, Cued)	10.28 (9.56, 11.00)	10.26 (9.37, 11.16)
List Recall (Delayed)	11.28 (10.64, 11.91)	10.05 (8.45, 11.66)
List Recall (Delayed, Cued)	11.17 (10.44, 11.90)	10.79 (9.99, 11.59)
List Recognition	12.00 (12.00, 12.00)	11.61 (11.31, 11.91)
MAS Digit Span Forward	7.61 (6.95, 8.27)	7.0 (6.38, 7.62)
MAS Digit Span Backward	5.50 (4.77, 6.23)	4.78 (4.04, 5.51)
Trails A (in seconds)	23.89 (20.62, 27.16)	36.48 (25.94, 47.03)**
Trails B (in seconds)	47.45 (41.08, 53.83)	84.81 (67.30, 102.31)**
Visual Recognition	18.17 (17.26, 19.07)	16.68 (15.57, 17.80)**
Delayed Visual Recognition	19.11 (18.41, 19.81)	16.47 (15.20,17.74)**
Visual Reproduction	8.89 (8.33, 9.45)	5.58 (4.43, 6.73)**
MOCA (older adults only)	–	27.06 (26.02, 28.10)

Note: The 95% confidence interval for the mean is in parentheses. All test scores reported as raw scores.

^**Significant group difference (p < 0.05).