TABLE 1.
Characteristics of participants in the Framingham Third Generation Study (n = 2986)1
| Characteristic | Value |
| Men, % | 46 |
| Age, y | 40.6 ± 8.7 (19–72)2 |
| Physical activity index | 37.3 ± 7.53 |
| Total energy intake, kcal/d | 2048 ± 662 |
| Dietary protein, g/d | 93 ± 32 |
| Dietary calcium, mg/d | 870 ± 419 |
| Total calcium, mg/d | 1023 ± 516 |
| Dietary vitamin D, IU/d | 221 ± 162 |
| Total vitamin D, IU/d | 378 ± 284 |
| Alcohol intake, g/d | 10.7 ± 14.3 |
| Smoking status, current, % | 13 |
| Body composition and muscle strength | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.8 ± 5.5 |
| Appendicular lean mass, kg | 21.7 ± 7.0 |
| Appendicular lean mass ÷ height squared, kg/m2 | 7.3 ± 1.9 |
| Quadriceps strength, kg | 27.5 ± 9.2 |
| BMD, g/cm2 | |
| Femoral neck | 1.003 ± 0.135 |
| Trochanter | 0.826 ± 0.140 |
| Total femur | 1.036 ± 0.140 |
| Lumbar spine | 1.255 ± 0.171 |
| Estrogen status in women,4 % | |
| Estrogenic | 90 |
| Nonestrogenic | 10 |
| Calcium-supplement use, % | |
| None | 64 |
| MVI, >0 to <200 mg/d | 12 |
| Additional, ≥200 mg/d | 24 |
| Vitamin D–supplement use, % | |
| None | 54 |
| MVI, >0 to ≤400 IU/d | 39 |
| Additional, >400 IU/d | 7 |
1
BMD, bone mineral density; MVI, multivitamin intake.
2
Mean ± SD; range in parentheses.
3
Mean ± SD (all such values).
4
Defined as estrogenic if premenopausal or postmenopausal (periods stopped for >1 y) and taking hormone replacement therapy and as nonestrogenic if postmenopausal (periods stopped for >1 y) and not taking hormone replacement therapy.