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. 2016 Nov 28;63(1):13–16. doi: 10.1262/jrd.2016-132

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Trunk of a fir tree fitted with a guard net to prevent debarking by deer (left) and a damaged trunk (right). In the winter, sika deer strip off the tree bark and eat the nutritious tissue beneath it. Unless wrapped, the trunks of fir trees are often damaged. Damage to half the circumference or more will kill the tree.