. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2016 Jul;125(1):92–104. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001160

Table 2.

Effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on breathing and oxygenation during sleep before and after application of opioids.

	Before opioid application			After opioid application
	AP	CPAP	p-value	AP	CPAP	p-value
ODI, /hr	12±23	2±5	0.002	12±21	3±11	0.005
Mean SpO₂, %	96±3	97±2	0.004	96±2	97±2	0.012
Nadir SpO₂, %	94±5	95±4	0.022	93±5	95±4	0.007

V_T, mL	546±306	700±332	0.004	466±271	707±332	0.000
PIF, mL/s	583.6±323.5	680.0±343.9	0.089	498.7±253.7	683.8±370.7	0.007
RR, breaths/min	20±6	18±4	0.002	20±6	17±4	0.000

AP = atmospheric pressure; CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure; ODI = oxygen desaturation index; PIF = peak inspiratory flow; RR = respiratory rate; SpO₂ = oxygen saturation; V_T = tidal volume. Data was obtained from 31 patients who had received opioids for postoperative pain therapy in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit.

All values are presented as Mean±SD.