Table 2. Comparison of Oral Bacteria Within-Sample (Alpha) Diversity by Betel Nut Chewing Historya.
Shannon | Chao1 | Observed Species | PD Whole Tree | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Betel Nut Status | mean | std | t stat | p-value | mean | std | t stat | p-value | mean | std | t stat | p-value | mean | std | t stat | p-value |
Long-term chewers (≥10 yr) | 4.00 | 0.78 | -3.173 | 0.002 | 129.08 | 47.35 | -2.695 | 0.011 | 37.85 | 9.96 | -3.454 | 0.002 | 3.80 | 1.17 | -2.236 | 0.028 |
Never Chewers | 4.67 | 0.74 | 169.40 | 65.37 | 47.98 | 11.83 | 4.52 | 1.18 | ||||||||
Current chewers with Oral Lesions | 3.71 | 0.51 | -1.029 | 0.322 | 123.14 | 50.99 | 0.626 | 0.544 | 32.60 | 7.08 | -1.023 | 0.307 | 4.71 | 1.19 | -1.925 | 0.047 |
Chewers & Non-Chewers without Oral Lesions | 3.96 | 0.71 | 113.80 | 41.89 | 35.72 | 8.85 | 5.49 | 1.16 | ||||||||
Current chewers without added tobacco | 4.17 | 0.78 | -2.077 | 0.041 | 118.29 | 33.23 | -3.888 | 0.002 | 39.95 | 9.16 | -2.735 | 0.007 | 4.05 | 1.08 | -3.461 | 0.001 |
Current chewers with added tobacco | 4.63 | 0.93 | 176.27 | 74.94 | 48.19 | 13.60 | 5.29 | 1.63 | ||||||||
Nonsmoking current chewer without tobacco | 3.81 | 0.80 | -2.850 | 0.012 | 108.40 | 35.49 | -3.242 | 0.001 | 35.37 | 9.14 | -3.197 | 0.007 | 3.12 | 0.81 | -2.987 | 0.008 |
Nonsmoking never chewer | 4.58 | 0.75 | 152.69 | 45.14 | 46.57 | 11.51 | 4.12 | 1.16 | ||||||||
Never chewer current smoker | 4.24 | 0.50 | -0.121 | 0.908 | 141.33 | 63.24 | 0.646 | 0.524 | 40.52 | 7.82 | -0.026 | 0.982 | 2.86 | 0.74 | -0.382 | 0.698 |
Never chewer non-smoker | 4.28 | 0.78 | 123.96 | 48.22 | 40.63 | 9.40 | 3.01 | 0.80 |
a 4 subjects with fewer than 100 sequences not included