Table 2. The association between vital staining with Toluidine Blue 0.05% and histological category (OSSN or Not OSSN).
| Staining result | OSSN n(%) | Not OSSN n(%) | Total | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any blue staining | 131 (92.3%) | 191 (69.5%) | 322 | 5.2 (2.6-10.4) | <.001 |
| No staining | 11 (7.8%) | 84 (30.6%) | 95 | 1.0 | - |
| Total | 142 (100.0%) | 275 (100.0%) | 417 a | ||
| Stratified analysis | |||||
| Dark royal blue | 91 (64.1%) | 91 (33.1%) | 182 | 7.6 (3.6-16.2) | <.001 |
| Pale blue | 23 (16.2%) | 44 (16.1%) | 67 | 4.0 (1.7-9.3) | <.001 |
| Mixed pattern b | 17 (12.0%) | 56 (20.4%) | 73 | 2.3 (1.0-5.4) | .04 |
| Not staining | 11 (7.8%) | 84 (30.6%) | 95 | 1.0 | - |
| Total | 142 (100.0%) | 274 (100.0%) | 417 | ||
Abbreviations: OSSN, ocular surface squamous neoplasia; OR, odds ratio
a
The 2 participants who had equivocal staining results in table 1 are excluded from this table
b
Some areas of the lesion were deep royal blue and others pale
Individual percentages may have a rounding error