Table 1.

Summary results of the structural equation models performed with the different environmental factors (in rows) separately. Standardized total effects (STE; sum of direct and indirect effects) and standardized direct effects (SDE; equivalent to the path coefficient from the predictor to the response variable) for richness are shown. For intransitivity STE = SDE. Environmental factors were introduced as: Mowing (number of cuts per year), grazing (sheep/other, permanent/rotational/none) fertilization (yes/no), and water management (drainage/retention/none). Significant path coefficients are highlighted in bold.

	Intransitivity	Richness
	SDE	SDE	STE
Mowing	-0.16	-0.29	-0.31
Grazing	0.20	0.50	0.51
Fertilization	-0.09	-0.44	-0.45
Water management (only NE region)	0.15	-0.46	-0.45
Aridity	0.20	-0.28	-0.23