Table 5.

Differences in mothers’ grief subscale scores by mothers’ race/ethnicity, and her deceased child’s age group and mode of death

Mother’s subscale		Mother’s race/ethnicity			F
Mother’s subscale		White non- Hispanic (n = 29)	Black non- Hispanic (n = 52)	Hispanic (n = 49)	F
T1	Panic behavior	24.6 (8.10)^a	26.3 (12.30)	32.0 (13.69)^a	3.32^*
T1	Personal growth	37.1 (10.98)	41.2 (9.97)^a	35.6 (8.26)^a	3.35^*
T2	Personal growth	36.8 (9.22)	41.5 (9.95)^a	35.0 (10.87)^a	5.34^**
T3	Detachment	12.8 (5.16)	12.8 (5.71)^a	16.2 (7.75)^a	4.21^*
T3	Personal growth	38.0 (8.32)	43.4 (9.88)^a	36.8 (10.18)^a	6.32^**
T4	Detachment	11.6 (4.18)^a	12.1 (5.83)	14.7 (6.97)^a	3.33^*

Mother’s subscale		Child’s age group^§				F
Mother’s subscale		Infant (n = 85)	Preschool (n = 21)	School age (n = 12)	Adolescent (n = 11)	F
T1	Despair	29.6 (12.35)^a	34.9 (15.29)	36.9 (15.02)	50.3 (15.16)^a	5.69^**
	Panic behaviors	25.7 (10.86)^a	33.0 (14.16)	29.5 (12.79)	40.0 (14.26)^a	4.19^**
	Detachment	13.2 (5.91)^a	15.0 (8.37)	15.2 (8.38)	21.3 (8.16)^a	3.19^*
	Disorganization	13.2 (5.39)	17.1 (7.07)	15.9 (7.51)	17.7 (6.97)	2.89^*
T2	Despair	29.2 (12.09)^a	34.6 (15.24)	36.4 (15.79)	47.0 (14.02)^a	6.78^**
	Panic behaviors	26.3 (11.21)^a	31.3 (14.24)	27.4 (13.17)	38.4 (13.87)^a	3.74^**
	Disorganization	13.0 (5.54)	16.8 (7.62)	17.3 (7.55)	18.0 (7.00)	4.44^**
T3	Despair	26.7 (11.81)^a	32.7 (14.29)	34.3 (13.79)	43.4 (13.82)^a	6.89^**
	Panic behaviors	26.4 (12.33)^a	31.6 (13.79)	26.6 (9.56)	38.6 (13.54)^a	3.70^**
	Blame & anger	12.2 (6.62)^a	12.6 (5.50)	12.2 (8.01)	18.2 (5.96)^a	2.76^*
	Detachment	13.1 (6.09)^a	14.9 (6.61)	15.3 (6.43)	19.6 (8.45)^a	3.69^**
	Disorganization	12.6 (5.58)^a	16.8 (777)	16.1 (7.99)	20.1 (7.67)^a	6.34^**
T4	Despair	23.7 (10.17)^a	28.1 (12.15)b	31.0 (13.31)	43.8 (15.69)^ab	11.05^**
	Panic behaviors	23.7 (11.34)^a	26.3 (12.48)	25.7 (10.31)	36.8 (15.03)^a	4.10^**
	Detachment	12.1 (5.57)	12.9 (5.03)	13.6 (5.09)	19.1 (9.41)	4.64^**
	Disorganization	11.2 (4.91)^a	14.3 (5.75)	15.3 (7.68)	17.8 (6.55)^a	6.78^**
Mother’s subscale		Mode of death^§				F
Mother’s subscale		Support withdrawn (n = 33)	Treatment limited (n = 37)	Brain death (n = 14)	Failed resuscitation (n = 45)	F
T1	Despair	30.2 (14.5)^a	32.4 (13.74)	44.2 (17.45)^ab	31.0 (12.13)^b	2.98^*
T2	Despair	29.9 (14.73)^a	32.1 (13.56)	43.5 (14.30)^ab	30.7 (12.51)^b	3.70^**
T3	Despair	27.3 (13.97)^a	29.2 (12.83)^b	42.6 (12.90)^abc	28.2 (11.79)^c	5.36^**
	Panic Behaviors	26.2 (13.73)^a	28.1 (12.43)	37.5 (13.77)^ab	27.2 (11.36)^b	2.93^*
	Blame & anger	11.1 (5.84)^a	13.5 (6.39)	17.5 (7.88)^ab	11.9 (6.52)^b	3.67^**
	Detachment	12.9 (6.09)^a	14.6 (6.55)	19.9 (8.22)^ab	12.8 (5.62)^b	5.09^**
T4	Despair	25.3 (13.76)^a	26.9 (12.18)	39.3 (14.67)^ab	23.9 (8.88)^b	6.24^**
	Panic behaviors	25.2 (13.08)	26.1 (11.84)	33.7 (15.53)^a	22.4 (9.52)^a	3.31^*
	Disorganization	11.8 (5.33)	13.4 (6.24)	16.6 (6.59)^a	11.4 (5.15)^a	3.44^*

p < .05,

^**

p < .01.

^§

Groups with the same superscript letter were significantly different on post hoc testing.