Table 2.
Outcomes of Patients in High, Middle, and Low SES Neighborhoods: Number of Events (A), and Adjusted Models (B)
| All-cause Readmissions At 6 Months, N (%) |
All-cause Death At 6 Months, N (%) |
All-cause Death or Readmission At 6 Months, N (%) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-SES | Middle SES | High-SES | Low-SES | Middle-SES | High SES | Low-SES | Middle-SES | High-SES |
| 272 (51.9) | 242 (46.9) | 231 (44.7) | 50 (9.5) | 66 (12.8) | 63 (12.2) | 286 (54.6) | 265 (51.4) | 251 (48.5) |
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | Model 7 | Model 8 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted results |
Adjusted for* Individual demographics |
NYHA | Clinical comorbidities and laboratory test |
General individual SES |
Health- related individual SES |
Baseline therapies |
Neighborhood- level PCSA designation |
|
| ALL CAUSE READMISSION AT 6 MONTHS | ||||||||
| High SES | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Middle SES OR (95% CI) | 1.09 (0.88–1.36) | 1.16 (0.91–1.48) | 1.11 (0.88–1.41) | 1.09 (0.86–1.38) | 1.09 (0.86–1.38) | 1.08 (0.86–1.37) | 1.07 (0.85–1.35) | 1.09 (0.87–1.38) |
| Low SES OR (95% CI) | 1.35 (1.01–1.82) | 1.50 (1.06–2.14) | 1.48 (1.03–2.12) | 1.46 (1.03–2.06) | 1.47 (1.04–2.07) | 1.49 (1.05–2.12) | 1.49 (1.04–2.13) | 1.57 (1.10–2.23) |
| ALL-CAUSE DEATH AT 6 MONTHS | ||||||||
| High SES | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Middle SES OR (95% CI) | 1.07 (0.78–1.48) | 1.39 (0.93–2.09) | 1.27 (0.84–1.92) | 1.27 (0.83–1.93) | 1.22 (0.78–1.93) | 1.14 (0.71–1.83) | 1.15 (0.71–1.86) | 1.06 (0.66–1.72) |
| Low SES OR (95% CI) | 0.78 (0.50–1.18) | 1.11 (0.67–1.86) | 1.074 (0.69–1.68) | 1.126 (0.73–1.74) | 1.05 (0.67–1.64) | 0.93 (0.58–1.47) | 0.93 (0.59–1.48) | 0.75 (0.48–1.17) |
| DEATH OR READMISSION AT 6 MONTHS | ||||||||
| High SES | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Middle SES OR (95% CI) | 1.12 (0.92–1.36) | 1.21 (0.96–1.53) | 1.15 (0.92–1.45) | 1.14 (0.89–1.44) | 1.14 (0.89–1.45) | 1.12 (0.89–1.42) | 1.12 (0.88–1.41) | 1.13 (0.89–1.44) |
| Low SES OR (95% CI) | 1.29 (0.98–1.70) | 1.46 (1.04–2.07) | 1.43 (1.01–2.04) | 1.43 (1.02–2.01) | 1.44 (1.04–2.00) | 1.45 (1.04–2.02) | 1.45 (1.04–2.02) | 1.50 (1.09 – 2.07) |
Odds ratios were calculated with reference to patients who had high neighborhood socioeconomic status.
*
Each model also includes all variables in the model above it.
CI: confidence interval, OR: odds ratio, PCSA: primary care shortage area, SES: socioeconomic status.