Table 2.
Aging experiments on Bi2O3
| Sample grade | Environment
|
Time | X ray resultsa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atmosphere | Temp. | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
| °C | Days | |||
| ACS | Air | ≈25 | 76 | Mon (m)+Bi2O3·CO2 (m)+Xb (I) |
| “Spec pure” | Air | ≈25 | 76 | Mon (m)+Bi2O3·CO2 (s)+Xb (I) |
| ACS | Air | ≈25 | 147 | Mon (m)+Bi2O3·CO2 (tr)+Xb (I) |
| “Spec pure” | Air | ≈25 | 147 | Mon (m)+Bi2O3·CO2 (s−)+Xb (I) |
| ACS | H2O sat. air + CO2c | ≈25 | 17 | Mon (I)+Bi2O3·CO2 (s+) |
| “Spec pure” | H2O sat. air + CO2c | ≈25 | 17 | Mon (I)+Bi2O3·CO2 (m) |
| ACS | H2O sat. air + CO2c | ≈25 | 55 | Mon (I)+Bi2O3·CO2 (s) |
| “Spec pure” | H2O sat. air + CO2c | ≈25 | 55 | Mon (I)+Bi2O3·CO2 (m) |
| ACS | H2Osat. air + CO2c | ≈25 | 76 | Mon (I)+Bi2O3·CO2 (s−)+Xb (I) |
| “Spec pure” | H2O sat. air + CO2c | ≈25 | 76 | Mon (I)+Bi2O3·CO2(m)+Xb (m) |
| ACS | H2O sat. air | ≈25 | 167 | Mon (m)+Bi2O3·CO2 (tr)+Xb (I) |
| “Spec pure” | H2O sat. air | ≈25 | 167 | Mon (m)+Bi2O3·CO2 (s−)+Xb (m) |
| ACS | H2O sat. aird | 140 | 1 | Mon (I) |
| ACS | CO2d | 157 | 1 | Mon (I) |
| ACS | H2O sat. CO2d | 145 | 2¾ | Mon (I) |
a
Mon-monoclinic phase: 1—large percentage, m—moderate percentage, s—small percentage, tr—trace.
b
Unknown phase: d values of 3.71 Å, 3.68 Å, 3.02 Å (1), 2.74 Å, 2.45 Å.
c
Specimen in stoppered flask, suspended over water, with periodic additions of dry ice.
d
Gas or vapor stream directed through heated chamber containing specimen.