(A) Tumor growth in exercised or non-exercised mice. B16F10 or PDAC-4662 cells were injected subcutaneously. When tumors were either palpable or seven days after tail vein injection, mice were randomized into either treadmill running or no exercise groups. B16F10 or PDAC-4662 tumor volumes were measured on the indicated days and are shown as the mean +/− S.E.M., *p < 0.05, n = 5–6 per group. (B) Tumor growth in exercised or non-exercised mice with or without chemotherapy. When B16F10 or PDAC-4662 tumors were palpable, wild type mice were treated with 2 mg/kg doxorubicin or 45 mg/kg gemcitabine weekly, with or without treadmill running. Tumor volume was measured on the indicated days and is shown as mean +/− S.E.M., *p < 0.05, n = 5 per group. (C) Tumor growth of PDAC-4662 flank tumors in mice treated with or without the anti-hypertensive drug and gemcitabine. PDAC-4662 tumor bearing mice were treated with prazosin, gemcitabine, or both. Tumor volumes were measured on the indicated days and are shown as mean +/− S.E.M, n = 3 for control, 4–5 for other groups, *p ≤ 0.01.