Table 4.

Variance (adjusted R²) in metabolic risk markers explained by all indirect adiposity measures compared to all indirect and direct adiposity measures combined

Measures of Total and Regional Adiposity	Indirect : BMI category, logWC, logWHtR	Indirect + Direct: BMI category, logWC, logWHtR + total% body fat, logFMI, logAndroid fat mass	Significance of adding one or more direct measures
logHOMA-IR	0.45	0.46	P = 0.04
logTG	0.14	0.16	P = 0.05
logHDL	0.18	0.18	P = 0.25
logLDL	0.09	0.08	P = 0.50
Measures of Total body adiposity	Indirect: BMI category	Indirect + Direct: BMI category + total % body fat, logFMI
logHOMA-IR	0.41	0.44	P = 0.002
logTG	0.09	0.11	P = 0.03
logHDL	0.15	0.18	P = 0.02
logLDL	0.04	0.06	P = 0.03
Measures of Regional adiposity	Indirect: logWC, logWHtR	Indirect + Direct: logWC, logWHtR + logAndroid fat mass
logHOMA-IR	0.44	0.46	P = 0.01
logTG	0.14	0.14	P = 0.85
logHDL	0.17	0.18	P = 0.21
logLDL	0.08	0.09	P = 0.20

WC waist circumference (cm), WHtR waist-to-height-ratio, FMI fat mass index (kg/m²), HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, TG triglycerides, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL), LDL-C low density cholesterol (mg/dL)

All models adjusted for ethnicity and maturity offset

n = 234 for all models