Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the patients before operation
| Parameters | Study group | Control group | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of patients n, (%) | 54 (100) | 93 (100) | 0.23 |
| Age, years, M±SD | 57±8 | 52±9 | 0.65 |
| Male n, (%) | 31 (58) | 50 (54) | 0.25 |
| Etiology | |||
| Rheumatic n, (%) | 38 (71) | 60 (64) | 0.02 |
| Endocarditis n, (%) | 6 (11) | 6 (6) | 0.07 |
| Degenerative n, (%) | 10 (18) | 27 (30) | 0.04 |
| Concomitant heart diseases | |||
| Tricuspid valve disease n, (%) | 11 (20) | 31 (33) | 0.12 |
| Aortic valve disease n, (%) | 5 (9) | 11 (12) | 0.09 |
| Ischemic heart disease n, (%) | 7 (13) | 17 (18) | 0.51 |
| Left atrial myxoma n, (%) | 1 (2) | 3 (3) | 0.14 |
| AF type | |||
| Paroxysmal n, (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (3) | 0.19 |
| Persistent n, (%) | 2 (4) | 27 (29) | 0.61 |
| Longstanding Persistent n, (%) | 52 (96) | 63 (68) | 0.02 |
| AF duration, years M±SD | 5.9±2.1 | 5.4±1.7 | 0.05 |
| Preoperative cardiac rhythm on ECG | |||
| Atrial fibrillation n, (%) | 54 (100) | 82 (88) | 0.04 |
| Sinus rhythm n, (%) | 0 (0) | 11 (22) | 1.0 |
| Echocardiography | |||
| Left atrial size, cm M±SD | 6.4±1.9 | 5.4±1.7 | 0.004 |
| LVEF, % M±SD | 51.0±5.0 | 54.0±4.5 | 0.03 |
CG - electrocardiogram; LVEF - left ventricular ejection fraction; M - mean average; SD - standard deviation