Figure 8.

Comparative study of the effect of GBAuNPs, GBE and HAuCl₄·3H₂O on cell viability and on the morphology of HDF and B16 cells.

Notes: Optical microscopy images (A) of HDF and B16 cell lines (40× magnification) at 72 h after treated with 1–100 μg/mL of GBAuNPs. Treated HDF and B16 cells with AuNPs (10 and 100 μg/mL) could be identified by dark dense clusters which are indicated with arrows; no cluster was found in control groups. Cytotoxicity effect of GBE and GBAuNPs on HDF (B) and B16BL6 (C) cell lines; GBAuNPs did not exhibit a significant cytotoxic effect on HDF and B16 cells. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Data are expressed as a percentage of sample-treated control and presented as mean ± SEM of three separate experiments. B16, murine melanoma B16BL6 cells.

Abbreviations: AuNPs, gold nanoparticles; GBAuNPs, AuNPs from ginseng berry; GBE, ginseng berry extract; HDF, human dermal fibroblast; SEM, standard error of the mean.