Table 1. The sizes and nucleotide sequences of the related primers.

Gene name	Product fragment size	Sequence (5′ to 3′)
Chondrogenic markers
Col II	276 bp	Forward: GCTCCCAGAACATCACCTACCA Reverse: ATTCCTGCTCAGGCCCTCC
ANCN	127 bp	Forward: ATGGCTTCCACCAGTGCG Reverse: CGGATGCCGTAGGTTCTCA
SOX9	250 bp	Forward: CTCGAAACCGACTGGCAACT Reverse: AACAAGCGGTCCAAAGGAAA
Hypertrophy and osteogenic markers
Col X	103 bp	Forward: CCCTTCTGCTGCTAGTGTC Reverse: GTCTTGGTGTTGGGTTGTG
ALP	155 bp	Forward: CCTCTTGGGTCTCTTTGAGC Reverse: CAATCCTGCCTCCTTCCA
Annexin V	110 bp	Forward: GCAGAACTAACAGCCATAA Reverse: AGAACCACCAACATCCTC
Internal control gene
GAPDH	140 bp	Forward: CCACTTTGTGAAGCTCATTTCCT Reverse: TCGTCCTCCTCTGGTGCTCT