Table 7.
Twelve-month treatment among respondents with multiply imputed DSM-IV/CIDI adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (n = 26,744)
| General medical
|
Any mental health
|
Human services
|
CAMb
|
Any professional
|
Any treatment for ADHD
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| %a | (SE) | %a | (SE) | %a | (SE) | %a | (SE) | %a | (SE) | %a | (SE) | |
| I. High income countries | ||||||||||||
| Belgium | 10.5 | (10.5) | 13.8 | (7.8) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 21.5 | (11.1) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| France | 7.4 | (2.7) | 5.6 | (3.3) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 9.6 | (3.6) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Germany | 0.0 | (0.0) | 6.9 | (5.8) | 2.7 | (2.8) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 9.7 | (6.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Italy | 10.6 | (4.2) | 4.4 | (2.8) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 1.3 | (1.3) | 11.9 | (4.5) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Netherlands | 18.6 | (9.1) | 18.8 | (10.5) | 2.2 | (2.2) | 12.3 | (8.6) | 23.8 | (10.8) | 1.9 | (1.7) |
| Northern Ireland | 18.9 | (6.7) | 13.9 | (6.2) | 0.6 | (0.6) | 2.6 | (2.6) | 25.5 | (9.1) | 0.6 | (0.6) |
| Poland | 7.2 | (5.9) | 3.5 | (2.6) | 4.2 | (3.1) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 12.9 | (6.9) | 5.8 | (5.7) |
| Portugal | 20.4 | (8.0) | 4.9 | (3.3) | 1.8 | (1.8) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 22.4 | (8.1) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Spain | 10.2 | (5.6) | 13.9 | (6.9) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 19.9 | (8.9) | 3.2 | (3.4) |
| Spain—Murcia | 10.4 | (5.8) | 4.2 | (6.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 14.6 | (5.2) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| USA | 27.9 | (4.3) | 28.6 | (3.8) | 12.5 | (2.5) | 9.3 | (2.3) | 49.7 | (4.1) | 13.2 | (2.9) |
| Total | 17.9 | (2.2) | 15.9 | (2.0) | 4.9 | (1.0) | 4.4 | (1.1) | 28.8 | (2.6) | 5.1 | (1.1) |
| II. Upper-middle income countries | ||||||||||||
| Brazil—São Paulo | 7.2 | (2.4) | 12.3 | (3.3) | 1.1 | (1.0) | 4.8 | (2.1) | 20.4 | (4.2) | 1.9 | (1.1) |
| Colombia—Medellin | 1.3 | (1.3) | 7.7 | (3.7) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 9.0 | (4.4) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Lebanon | 0.3 | (1.5) | 0.8 | (0.9) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 1.1 | (1.7) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Mexico | 2.9 | (1.9) | 8.2 | (4.9) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 2.1 | (1.4) | 12.4 | (5.1) | 1.9 | (1.9) |
| Romania | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Total | 4.9 | (1.5) | 9.8 | (2.2) | 0.7 | (0.6) | 3.1 | (1.3) | 15.5 | (2.8) | 1.4 | (0.7) |
| III. Low/lower-middle income countries | ||||||||||||
| Columbia | 0.6 | (0.4) | 6.4 | (3.3) | 0.4 | (0.4) | 0.8 | (0.8) | 7.2 | (3.4) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Iraq | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.7 | (1.2) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 0.7 | (1.2) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Peru | 0.0 | (0.0) | 12.9 | (4.9) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 3.6 | (3.5) | 15.7 | (5.7) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| PRCc—Shenzhen | 1.0 | (0.8) | 2.3 | (2.3) | 0.0 | (0.0) | 2.4 | (1.3) | 5.4 | (2.8) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| Total | 0.6 | (0.3) | 5.0 | (1.6) | 0.3 | (0.2) | 1.6 | (0.8) | 6.8 | (1.8) | 0.0 | (0.0) |
| IV. Total | 11.8 | (1.4) | 12.6 | (1.4) | 3.1 | (0.7) | 3.7 | (0.7) | 21.8 | (1.9) | 3.3 | (0.7) |
| χ2 | 51.7* | 13.7* | 16.5* | 3.6 | 35.8* | 3.6 | ||||||
*
Significant at the .05 level, two-sided test
a
% with 12-month treatment among those with ADHD
b
Complimentary and alternative medicine
c
People’s Republic of China