Table 2.
Means, Standard Deviations, and Factor Loadings for General Vision items.
| Younger | Older | Factor | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| How much trouble do you have adjusting to bright lights when coming out of a dark place, such as going when going into the daylight from a movie theatre? | 1.60 | 0.63 | 1.96 | 0.73 | 0.67 | −0.25 | 0.38 | 0.20 | 0.13 |
| Do you have trouble reading the credits on TV because they move too fast? | 1.90 | 0.81 | 2.82 | 0.75 | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.29 | 0.61 | −0.16 |
| Do you have trouble recognizing things or people at night because of your vision? | 1.88 | 0.82 | 2.22 | 0.87 | 0.61 | −0.03 | 0.30 | 0.26 | −0.04 |
| How much more slowly do you generally read now than in the past? | 1.30 | 0.56 | 1.78 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.74 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.00 |
| Do you have trouble seeing something when lights off to the side are shining into your eyes? For example, do you have trouble seeing someone's face when a light off to the side is shining into your eyes? | 2.05 | 0.90 | 2.59 | 0.73 | 0.37 | 0.06 | 0.28 | 0.59 | 0.03 |
| How much trouble do you have seeing something when lights are being reflected from it? For example, do you have trouble watching TV when the room lights are shining on the screen? | 1.95 | 0.81 | 1.94 | 0.69 | 0.05 | 0.20 | −0.20 | 0.64 | 0.22 |
| Do you have visual problems like blurry vision or eye strain when reading or doing close work? | 1.68 | 0.86 | 1.98 | 0.90 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.56 | 0.06 | 0.20 |
| Do you have trouble visually locating a familiar sign because it is among many other signs? For example, do you have trouble locating a restaurant sign on a street filled with other signs? | 1.45 | 0.60 | 2.27 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.05 |
| Do you have problems actually reading a particular sign when it is midst of other signs? For example, do you have problems reading a sign on a city street because it is embedded in a clutter of other signs? | 1.68 | 0.66 | 2.41 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.45 | 0.01 | 0.05 | −0.01 |
| Do you bump people or other things because they were just outside of your field of vision and you did not see them? | 1.47 | 0.60 | 1.35 | 0.52 | 0.06 | 0.03 | −0.05 | 0.11 | 0.84 |
| How much trouble do you have reading the small print, such as numbers in the phone book or classified ads? | 1.28 | 0.51 | 2.24 | 0.85 | 0.09 | 0.26 | 0.79 | 0.19 | −0.06 |
| Do you have trouble reading a sign or recognizing a picture because it is moving, such as an ad on a passing bus or truck? | 1.55 | 0.71 | 2.18 | 0.73 | 0.56 | 0.41 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.11 |
| Do you have trouble adjusting from bright to dim lighting, such as when going from daylight into a dark restaurant or movie theater? | 1.58 | 0.81 | 2.37 | 0.81 | 0.54 | 0.15 | 0.56 | 0.04 | 0.12 |
| Do you have trouble seeing indoors when the lights are dim, for example, reading a menu in a dimly lit restaurant? | 1.40 | 0.59 | 2.45 | 0.77 | 0.18 | 0.48 | 0.41 | 0.52 | 0.07 |
| Do you accidentally bump into doorways, walls, or other things that you should have seen but did not, even though you were not in a hurry? | 1.50 | 0.68 | 1.55 | 0.74 | 0.04 | 0.18 | 0.29 | −0.04 | 0.80 |
| Do you have trouble distinguishing between dark colors, such as when sorting dark blue and black socks? | 1.50 | 0.82 | 2.10 | 0.92 | 0.28 | 0.58 | 0.01 | 0.19 | 0.18 |
| Do you take more time now than in the past doing things that depend on your vision, such as going down steps, sewing, playing cards, or other hobbies, etc.? | 1.30 | 0.52 | 2.39 | 1.02 | 0.25 | 0.60 | 0.46 | −0.07 | 0.13 |
| Do you have difficulty seeing clearly outdoors at dusk just after sunset? For example, do you have difficulty reading unlit billboards and signs, or recognizing other people's faces at dusk? | 1.38 | 0.63 | 2.18 | 0.78 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.13 |
Note: All items were presented on a 4-point Likert scale where 1 = Never/None at all, 2 = Rarely/A little, 3 = Occasionally/Quite a bit, 4 = Frequently/A lot. Factor loadings ≥ |0.40| are shown in bold.