Table 2.
Exposure to risk factors for tobacco use, and correlation with current tobacco use, among students aged 13-15 years; Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Uganda, 2007 and 2011
| Risk factor for current tobacco use | 2007 | 2011 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (95% CI) | AOR+ (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | AOR+(95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 49.4(43.3-55.4) | NA | 43.8(38.4-49.1) | NA |
| Female | 50.6(44.6-56.7) | 56.2(50.8-61.6) | ||
| Age | ||||
| 13 | 21.0(16.6-25.3) | NA | 22.4(17.4-27.4) | NA |
| 14 | 33.6(31.7-39.4) | 40.8(37.0-44.5) | ||
| 15 | 43.5(37.3-49.6) | 36.9(31.1-42.5) | ||
| Parents Smoke | 11.5(8.7-14.3) | 1.9 (1.3-2.8) | 10.7(6.7-14.6) | 1.8 (1.1-3.0) |
| Friends Smoke | 2.3(1.8-2.9) | 2.5 (1.5-4.0) | 2.5(1.2-3.8) | 1.4 (0.5-3.9) |
| Taught smoking effects at school | NA | NA | ||
| 69.4(66.0-72.9) | NA | 75.0(63.6-86.5) | NA | |
| Taught smoking danger signs at school | 70.5(67.3-73.8) | 73.8(64.3-83.3) | ||
| Has an object with a tobacco logo | 12.3(10.4-14.1) | 1.6 (1.0-2.8) | 11.3(8.9-13.6) | 1.3 (0.6-2.6) |
| Seen tobacco ads on billboards | 54.7(51.1-58.3) | 1.0 (0.6-1.5) | 52.1(43.0-61.1) | 1.2 (0.8-1.7) |
| Seen tobacco ads in print media | 48.3(45.8-50.9) | 1.8 (1.3-2.4) | 46.5(36.9-56.1) | NA |
| Been offered free cigarettes | 10.3(8.1-12.6) | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 10.7(7.2-14.1) | 1.0 (0.4-2.5) |
Abbreviations: AOR: Adjusted odds ratios; CI: Confidence interval NA: Not applicable - variables without statistical significance in univariate analysis were excluded from the multivariate analysis.
+
Statistically significant odds ratios noted in bold. Only variables for which the odds ratio did not include 1.0 in the confidence intervals and which were therefore statistically significantly related to tobacco use in the univariate analyses were included in the adjusted model. Independent variables are dichotomous (1=Yes and reference =No).