Figure 2.

Exosome Content. Exosomes are a bilayer lipid membrane that encapsulate cellular cargo selected from the cytoplasm by sorting mechanisms. The lipid membrane may also contain ligands for recipient cell receptors at near or distant systemic sites. Cataloged in exocarta.org is a list of commonly found proteins and RNAs in exosomes. Recent analyses of exosomes from neurodegenerative cells have documented disease-associated cargoes in the exosomes. For further details see references (Bellingham et al., 2012a,b; Taylor and Shah, 2015; Benussi et al., 2016; Willms et al., 2016).