Table 2.
Variables | Muscle/height2 (kg/m2) | Muscle/body weight (%) | Muscle/BSA (kg/m2) | Muscle/BMI (m2) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal (n = 593) | Low (n = 52) | P | Normal (n = 482) | Low (n = 163) | P | Normal (n = 436) | Low (n = 209) | P | Normal (n = 484) | Low (n = 161) | P | |
Muscle metric (units vary) | 9.6 ± 1.8 | 7.2 ± 0.7 | <0.001 | 34.4 ± 4.0 | 29.4 ± 2.3 | <0.001 | 14.8 ± 1.6 | 12.5 ± 1.3 | <0.001 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.8 ± 6.9 | 21.1 ± 2.4 | <0.001 | 26.8 ± 6.3 | 32.1 ± 7.2 | <0.001 | 30.0 ± 7.3 | 24.3 ± 3.8 | <0.001 | 27.3 ± 6.6 | 30.6 ± 7.3 | <0.001 |
Percent fat (%) | 30.4 ± 4.2 | 24.0 ± 8.9 | <0.001 | 27.4 ± 9.9 | 37.1 ± 7.1 | <0.001 | 30.0 ± 10.9 | 29.5 ± 8.7 | 0.53 | 28.2 ± 10.3 | 34.8 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
Handgrip strength (kg) | 26.5 ± 10.6 | 25.2 ± 10.3 | 0.40 | 27.1 ± 10.7 | 24.3 ± 10.1 | 0.004 | 27.8 ± 11.2 | 23.3 ± 8.5 | <0.001 | 28.1 ± 10.7 | 21.3 ± 8.3 | <0.001 |
Proportion with low HGS (%) | 28.2 | 49.0 | 0.002 | 24.8 | 44.8 | <0.001 | 20.6 | 49.3 | <0.001 | 21.2 | 55.9 | <0.001 |
Gait speed (m/s) | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.002 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | <0.001 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.001 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
Proportion with slow walking speed (%) | 33.6 | 45.1 | 0.10 | 27.7 | 54.6 | <0.001 | 30.3 | 43.3 | 0.001 | 29.0 | 50.9 | <0.001 |
HGS, handgrip strength
Data are presented as mean ± SD.