Table 2. mRNA expression in white and brown adipose tissue.
| sWAT | HFD wt | HFD Tg | P-value | eWAT | HFD wt | HFD Tg | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin signaling/action | Insulin signaling/action | ||||||
| Glut4 | 21.0 ± 1.86 | 31.5 ± 2.98 | 0.01 | Glut4 | 6.18 ± 1.21 | 15.3 ± 1.57 | 0.001 |
| Insr | 2.24 ± 0.10 | 3.18 ± 0.19 | 0.001 | Insr | 0.73 ± 0.04 | 1.10 ± 0.07 | 0.001 |
| Fatty acid transport/lipogenesis | Fatty acid transport/lipogenesis | ||||||
| Adiponectin | 253 ± 17.4 | 378 ± 34.3 | 0.007 | Adiponectin | 125 ± 25.3 | 208 ± 18.3 | 0–013 |
| Cebpa | 10.8 ± 0.66 | 13.8 ± 1.32 | 0.060 | Cebpa | 9.74 ± 1.68 | 19.1 ± 1.83 | 0.001 |
| Chrebpa | 1.80 ± 0.15 | 2.52 ± 0.78 | 0.010 | Chrebpa | 2.53 ± 0.23 | 3.63 ± 0.31 | 0.002 |
| Chrebpb | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 1.28 ± 0.48 | 0.030 | Chrebpb | 0.32 ± 0.11 | 0.56 ± 0.14 | NS |
| Elovl6 | 1.19 ± 0.0.11 | 2.11 ± 0.0.38 | 0.027 | Elovl6 | 6.23 ± 2.16 | 2.01 ± 0.24 | 0.080 |
| Fasn | 3.62 ± 0.47 | 6.75 ± 0.93 | 0.006 | Fasn | 5.70 ± 0.90 | 11.1 ± 1.08 | 0.002 |
| Pparg2 | 89.4 ± 6.60 | 111 ± 13.2 | NS | Pparg2 | 59.3 ± 10.5 | 106 ± 13.3 | 0.022 |
| Scd1 | 28.7 ± 3.00 | 54.7 ± 5.84 | 0.001 | Scd1 | 28.7 ± 5,98 | 63.9 ± 7,5 | 0.001 |
| Srebp1 | 3.18 ± 0.18 | 4.97 ± 0.38 | 0.001 | Srebp1 | 5.76 ± 0.40 | 7.73 ± 0.45 | 0.006 |
| BMPs | BMPs | ||||||
| Bmp2 | 3.22 ± 0.22 | 3.67 ± 0.33 | NS | Bmp2 | 0.22 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.023 | NS |
| Bmp3 | 0.72 ± 0.10 | 0.78 ± 0.1 | NS | Bmp3 | 0.33 ± 0.05 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | NS |
| Bmp4 | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 0.26 ± 0.02 | 0.001 | Bmp4 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.54 ± 0.04 | 0.001 |
| Bmp7 | 0.55 ± 0.09 | 0.78 ± 0.16 | NS | Bmp7 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | NS |
| TGFβ activation | TGFβ activation | ||||||
| Ctgf | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | NS | Ctgf | 0.036 ± 0.01 | 0.037 ± 0.01 | NS |
| Follistatin | 2.07 ± 0.24 | 3.11 ± 1.01 | 0.009 | Follistatin | 0.56 ± 0.11 | 0.42 ± 0.05 | NS |
| Inhibin beta A | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.080 | Inhibin beta A | 0.17 ± 0.05 | 0.14 ± 0.04 | NS |
| Myostatin | 9.90 ± 4.1 | 2.86 ± 1.4 | NS | Myostatin | 1.45 ± 0.32 | 0.48 ± 0.10 | 0.010 |
| Tgfb1 | 1.21 ± 0.28 | 1.23 ± 0.18 | NS | Tgfb1 | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.02 | 0.056 |
| Inflammation | Inflammation | ||||||
| Saa1 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | NS | Saa1 | 0.04 ± .0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.040 |
| Saa2 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.10 | NS | Saa2 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.050 |
| BAT | HFD wt | HFD Tg | P-value | ||||
| Beige/Brown marker | Beige/Brown marker | ||||||
| Irisin | 0.21 ± 0.07 | 0.30 ± 0.09 | NS | Irisin | 0.40 ± 0.11 | 0.23 ± 0.05 | NS |
| Prdm16 | 2.67 ± 0.28 | 3.37 ± 0.40 | NS | Prdm16 | 2.33 ± 0.23 | 2.38 ± 0.12 | NS |
| Th | UD | UD | NS | Th | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | NS |
| Tmem26 | 2.35 ± 0.55 | 2.70 ± 0.56 | NS | Tmem26 | 0.16 ± 0.11 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | NS |
| Ucp1 | 0.30 ± 0.09 | 1.35 ± 0.41 | 0.020 | Ucp1 | 5381 ± 616 | 6465 ± 353 | NS |
Abbreviations: wt, wild-type mice; Tg, transgenic mice; LFD, low-fat diet; HFD, high-fat diet; NS, non-significant; UD, undetermined. Glut4, Glucose transporter type 4; Insr, Insulin receptor; Cebpa, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha; Chrebpa/b, Carbohydrate-responsive-element-binding protein alpha/beta; Elovl6, Elongation of long-chain fatty acids family member 6; Fasn, Fatty acid synthase; Pparg2; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2; Scd1, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1; Srebp1, Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1; Bmp, Bone morphogenetic protein; Ctgf, Connective tissue growth factor; Tgfb1, Transforming growth factor beta-1 precursor; Saa1, Serum amyloid protein A; Prdm16, protein domain containing 16; Th, Tyrosine hydroxylase; Tmem26, Transmembrane Protein 26; Ucp1, Uncoupling Protein 1. The experimental data are presented as relative quantitiy of mean ± SEM. Student’s t-test was used, n ≥ 11/group.