Table 2. Speed and Accuracy in Visuospatial Attention, Visuomotor, and Visuospatial Memory Tasks in Control and PKU Participants.
| Domain/task | Controls | PKU participants | Controls vs. PKU | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | N | % z = > 2 | % z = > 1 | t and p | |
| Note. Percentage of Phenylketonuria (PKU) participants with z score = >2 (expected % 2.3) is also reported. RT = reaction time. | ||||||||
| a Tasks where there is a significant difference with controls. | ||||||||
| Visuospatial attention | ||||||||
| Simple detection (RT – ms) | 316 | 56.9 | 332 | 52.9 | 31 | 6.5 | 16.5 | t(1, 59) = −1.1; p = .27 |
| Detention with distractors | ||||||||
| RT − ms | 407 | 72.2 | 438 | 70.6 | 31 | 3.2 | 22.6 | t(1, 59) = −1.7; p = .09 |
| % errors | .6 | .6 | .8 | 1.1 | 31 | 6.5 | 19.4 | t(1, 59) = −.8; p = .45 |
| Choice RT | ||||||||
| RT − msa | 281 | 31.3 | 307 | 42 | 37 | 16.2 | 32.4 | t(1, 65) = −2.8; p < .01 |
| % errors | .4 | .8 | .5 | .8 | 37 | 8.1 | 8.1 | t(1, 65) = −.4; p = .68 |
| Feature search | ||||||||
| RT − msa | 498 | 71.7 | 606 | 167.6 | 31 | 32.3 | 41.9 | t(1, 59) = −3.2; p < .01 |
| % errors | 2 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 2.6 | 31 | 6.5 | 16.1 | t(1, 59) = .7; p = .50 |
| Conjoined search | ||||||||
| RT − msa | 841 | 126.3 | 1,008 | 239.7 | 31 | 25.8 | 38.7 | t(1, 59) = −3.4; p < .01 |
| % errors | 3.1 | 4.4 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 31 | 0 | 3.2 | t(1, 59) = .8; p = .43 |
| Visuomotor coordination | ||||||||
| Pegboard (time – seconds)a | 59.2 | 5.1 | 65.1 | 11.7 | 37 | 18.9 | 43.2 | t(1, 65) = −2.6; p = .01 |
| Digit symbol (% errors in 90 s)a | 27.1 | 10.2 | 37.3 | 11.3 | 31 | 19.4 | 41.9 | t(1, 59) = −3.7; p < .01 |
| Visuospatial memory and learning | ||||||||
| Paired Associate Verbal Learning (% errors) | 1.9 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 3.82 | 31 | 12.9 | 16.1 | t(1, 59) = −1.5; p = .15 |
| Delayed matching to sample (% errors) | 10.5 | 8.3 | 14.1 | 8.5 | 37 | 10.8 | 29.7 | t(1, 65) = −1.7; p = .09 |