Table 1. Characteristics of clinical samples.
| Sample ID | HIV infection status | ART (years) | CD4+ T cell count (cells/μl) | CD4+ T cell nadir count (cells/μl) | CMV IgG | Gut HIV RNA (ISH) | Gut CMV DNA (ISH) | Gut CMV Proteins (IHC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1878* | Uninfected | N/A | ND | ND | − | − | − | 0 |
| 1916* | Uninfected | N/A | ND | ND | − | − | − | 0 |
| 1939* | Uninfected | N/A | ND | ND | − | − | − | 0 |
| 1958* | Uninfected | N/A | ND | ND | − | − | − | 0 |
| 1992* | Uninfected | N/A | ND | ND | − | − | − | 0 |
| 1298 | Untreated | 0 | 208 | 260 | + | + | + | 405 ± 45a |
| 1323 | Untreated | 0 | 679 | 550 | + | + | + | 166 ± 33a |
| 1747 | Untreated | 0 | 53 | 83 | + | + | + | 355 ± 11a |
| 1036 | ART | 3 | 465 | 220 | + | − | − | 0 |
| 2118 | ART | 12 | 93 | 21 | + | + | − | 0 |
| 2021 | ART | 13 | 404 | 35 | + | + | + | 1050 ± 11a |
| 2031 | ART | 13 | 242 | 20 | + | + | − | 0 |
| 5009 | ART | 15 | 239 | 100 | + | − | + | 633 ± 66a |
| 3022 | ART | 19 | 301 | 90 | + | + | − | 0 |
| 2119 | ART | 20 | 265 | 12 | + | + | + | 483 ± 68a |
| 3040 | ART | 20 | 305 | 90 | + | − | − | 0 |
| 3054 | ART | 21 | 293 | 4 | + | + | − | 0 |
| 3010 | ART | 21 | 1110 | 160 | + | − | − | 0 |
| 2067 | ART | 22 | 528 | 30 | + | − | − | 0 |
| 2013 (9/19/11)§ | ART | 21 | 777 | 13 | + | + | + | 263 ± 65a |
| 2013 (3/4/13)§ | ART | 23 | 552 | 13 | + | + | + | 943 ± 91a |
| 3068 | ART | 23 | 515 | 149 | + | + | + | 230 ± 37a |
| 2026 | ART | 24 | 578 | 120 | + | − | + | 473 ± 32a |
| 3025 | ART | 24 | 205 | 39 | + | − | − | 0 |
| 2180 | ART | 25 | 249 | 9 | + | − | + | 350 ± 57a |
| 3091 | ART | 25 | 121 | 32 | + | + | + | 280 ± 34a |
| 4001 | ART | 31 | 538 | 197 | + | − | − | 0 |
| 3037 | ART | 32 | 451 | 400 | + | + | + | 500 ± 52a |
| 1807 | Uninfected | N/A | N/A | N/A | + | ND | ND | +b |
| 1930 (06/15/15)§ | Uninfected | N/A | N/A | N/A | + | ND | ND | +b |
| 1930 (07/27/15)§ | Uninfected | N/A | N/A | N/A | + | ND | ND | +b |
| 6532 | Uninfected | N/A | N/A | N/A | + | ND | ND | +b |
| S16-3170A# | Uninfected | N/A | N/A | N/A | + | ND | ND | +c |
| S16-3170B# | Uninfected | N/A | N/A | N/A | + | ND | ND | − |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; ISH, in situ hybridization; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ND, not determined because of limitations in the number of available tissue sections; N/A, not applicable
* healthy individuals
§ gut biopsies obtained from the same individual
# multiple gut biopsies from an individual immunosuppressed for lupus with CMV enteritis and colitis before (A) and after (B) treatment with valganciclovir
a foci/mm2 (mean ± SE, n = 10)
b CMV proteins were detected in cells neighboring the intestinal crypts but not within intestinal epithelial cells
c numerous CMV immediate early (IE) protein-positive cytomegalic cells.