FIG 1.

Cu is mobilized to urine during UTI in humans. (A) Urinary Cu content was determined by ICP-MS. ***, P < 0.001; ANOVA with Dunnett's posttest. (B) Creatinine content of urine samples was determined with a colorimetric assay. (C) Specific gravity of urine samples was measured with a refractometer. (D) Hemoglobin (Hb) levels in UTI urine (n = 57) were measured by a colorimetric assay. Correlation to urinary Cu content (n = 57) was determined by Pearson's correlation coefficient (r = 0.2 and P = 0.1). UPEC, n = 30; K. pneumoniae (KP), n = 10; P. mirabilis (PM), n = 17; healthy controls, n = 40. The mean and standard error of the mean are presented.