| Characteristics |
|---|
| Prenatal |
| Prenatal diagnosis |
| Fetal age at prenatal diagnosis, wk |
| Fetal intervention |
| Birth |
| Gestational age, wk |
| Gestational age,<37 wk |
| Apgar at 1 min |
| Apgar at 5 min |
| Birth weight, kg |
| Birth weight<2.5 kg |
| Head circumference-for-age z score at baseline |
| If diagnosed after birth, age at diagnosis, d |
| Demographic |
| Male |
| Hispanic |
| Race |
| White |
| Black |
| Other |
| White race |
| Socioeconomic score (US census) |
| % below federal poverty level |
| Anatomy |
| Hypoplastic left heart syndrome |
| Aortic atresia, mitral atresia |
| Aortic atresia, mitral stenosis |
| Aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis |
| Any aortic atresia |
| Obstructed pulmonary venous drainage |
| Total anomalous pulmonary venous return |
| Ascending aorta diameter, mm |
| Karyotype |
| 46 XY |
| Other |
| 46 XX |
| Genetic syndrome |
| Yes |
| Unknown (evaluation not done) |
| No |
| Nonsyndromic abnormality |
| Yes |
| Unknown (evaluation not done) |
| No |
| Genetic syndrome or nonsyndromic abnormality |
| Yes |
| Unknown (evaluation not done) |
| No |
| Apo E genotype |
| E2/E3 |
| E3/E4 or E4/E4 |
| E3/E3 |
| Pre-Norwood echocardiogram |
| Antegrade flow in ascending aorta (patent aortic valve) |
| Atrial septal defect mean Doppler gradient, mm Hg |
| Right ventricular ejection fraction, % |
| Fractional area change |
| Left ventricle present |
| Moderate/severe mitral regurgitation |
| Moderate/severe tricuspid regurgitation |
| Moderate/severe aortic valve regurgitation |
| Preoperative |
| Median highest lactate, mmol/L |
| Mechanical ventilation |
| Inhaled gases CO2 |
| Inhaled gases N2 |
| Pre-Norwood apnea |
| Pre-Norwood shock |
| Pre-Norwood respiratory failure |
| Pre-Norwood metabolic acidosis |
| Pre-Norwood catheter intervention |
| Pre-Norwood catheter interventions |
| Pre-Norwood cardiac surgery |
| Pre-Norwood noncardiac surgery |
| Pre-Norwood any surgery |
| Pre-Norwood total surgeries |
| Pre-Norwood complications |
| Pre-Norwood complications |
| Stage 1 |
| Age at Norwood, d |
| Shunt at end of operation |
| MBTS |
| RVPAS |
| Cross over |
| Total crossclamp time, min |
| Norwood perfusion type |
| Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest only |
| Regional cerebral perfusion and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time ≤10 min |
| Regional cerebral perfusion deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time>10 min |
| Total support time, min |
| Total bypass time, min (excludes RCP time) |
| Total deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time, min |
| Total regional cerebral perfusion time, min |
| Regional cerebral perfusion flow, mL/kg/min |
| Lowest temperature |
| Lowest hematocrit, % |
| Ultrafiltration during or after Norwood |
| Steroids |
| Aprotinin |
| a-blockade |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation used in operating room |
| Type of arch reconstruction |
| Classic arch reconstruction |
| Direct pulmonary artery anastomosis to arch |
| Coarctectomy |
| Patch |
| Origin – polytetrafluoroethylene graft |
| Innominate |
| Subclavian |
| Common carotid |
| Aorta |
| Right ventricle |
| Other procedures done at time of Norwood |
| Open sternum on day of Norwood |
| Open sternum after Norwood |
| Surgeon Norwood volume |
| Surgeon Norwood volume ≤5/y |
| Surgeon Norwood volume |
| ≤5/y |
| ≤10/y |
| ≤15/y |
| >15/y |
| Center volume |
| Center volume |
| ≤15/y |
| ≤20/y |
| ≤30/y |
| >30/y |
MBTS, modified Blalock–Taussig shunt; RCP, retrograde cerebral perfusion; RVPAS, right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery shunt.