Table 1.

Demographic and Clinical variables of early course schizophrenia and healthy control subjects

	Schizophrenia	Healthy Controls	Statistic	Significance
Age	25.15±8.03	25.24±6.25	t=0.04	0.97
Sex Male Female	18 10	5 16	χ2 = 7.89	0.009
SES Mother Father	31.56±14.67 35.73±15.70	41.28±14.55 46.42±12.09	t=1.90 t=1.90	0.07 0.06
IL-6	24.99±8.49	24.52±4.60	t=0.20	0.84
CRP	24.16±7.36	25.94±6.16	t=0.64	0.53
WLMPTT	56.65±30.80	91.88±15.04	F(1,34)=18.14	<0.001
WCST Percent Perseverative Error	19.42±9.71	12.51±10.27	F(1,34)=4.18	0.049
Go No Go Response Time	488.03±128.58	396.42±61.78	F(1,34)=7.08	0.012
SANS Total	11.00±3.46	--	--	--
SAPS Total	2.94±2.65	--	--	--
BPRS Negative Symptoms	7.89±3.71	--	--	--
BPRS Positive Symptoms	8.61±3.65
Antipsychotic treatment Dose      Mean number of days of treatment	317.53±270.20mg* 488.93±320.71
Other psychotropic medications1,2 Lithium (n=3 patients) Oxcarbazepine (n=1 patients) Citalopram (n=1 patient) Fluoxetine (n= 2 patients)	900–1500 mg/day (189– 883 days) 600 mg/day for 572 days 20 mg for 252 days 20 mg (194 and 957 days)

^*Chlorpromazine equivalents per day. One patient received clozapine suggesting that this patient might have failed at least two other antipsychotics. We were unable to obtain data on other two antipsychotics received by this patient. Other patients were on olanzapine, risperidone, ziprasidone, quetiapine and aripiprazole. One patient was cross-tapered from risperidone to aripiprazole and then to quetiapine.

¹Precise end dates were not available for all.

²One patient received various medications that included fluoxetine (already shown in the table), chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam, lorazepam, and benztropine at various points in time; benzodiazepines given as needed (prn). At the time of consenting and imaging, this subject was on venlafaxine and 150 mg per day and clonazepam 0.5 mg.