Table 4. Risk of developing metabolic syndrome by baseline albumin-corrected serum calcium tertile, stratified by the presence of central obesity.
| Variable | Corrected calcium tertile, mg/dL | P for trenda | Continuous variables HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 (<8.70) |
Tertile 2 (8.70–8.94) |
Tertile 3 (>8.94) |
|||
| Subjects with central obesity (n=3,223) | 1,032 | 1,121 | 1,070 | ||
| No. of subjects incident cases, n (%) | 547 (53.0) | 545 (48.6) | 473 (44.2) | <0.001b | |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | |||||
| Crude model | 1 (reference) | 0.92 (0.81–1.03) | 0.85 (0.75–0.96) | 0.030 | 0.84 (0.70–1.00) |
| Model 1 | 1 (reference) | 0.92 (0.82–1.04) | 0.87 (0.77–0.99) | 0.090 | 0.88 (0.73–1.05) |
| Model 2 | 1 (reference) | 0.87 (0.77–0.98) | 0.83 (0.74–0.94) | 0.009 | 0.82 (0.68–0.98) |
| Subjects without central obesity (n=9,483) | 3,142 | 3,213 | 3,128 | ||
| No. of subjects incident cases, n (%) | 617 (19.6) | 649 (20.2) | 617 (19.7) | 0.833b | |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | |||||
| Crude model | 1 (reference) | 1.08 (0.97–1.20) | 1.13 (1.01–1.27) | 0.087 | 1.19 (1.01–1.40) |
| Model 1 | 1 (reference) | 1.07 (0.95–1.19) | 1.13 (1.01–1.26) | 0.117 | 1.20 (1.02–1.41) |
| Model 2 | 1 (reference) | 0.99 (0.88–1.10) | 0.91 (0.81–1.02) | 0.183 | 0.83 (0.70–0.98) |
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex; Model 2: adjusted for model 1+systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, fasting plasma glucose, smoking status, and conditions under medical treatment, including hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia.
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval;
aCox proportional hazard model (P<0.025 considered statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons), bChi-square test for linear by linear association.