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. 2017 Feb 27;18(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s10194-017-0737-y

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 2 — The levels of cytokines during microdialysis. Graph showing the levels of cytokines (mean and SEM) during microdialysis in 20 women with temporomandibular disorder myalgia (Patients) and 20 pain-free healthy aged-matched women (Controls). After 140 min (baseline), a 20-minute repetitive tooth-clenching task (140–160 min) was performed followed by one-hour rest (160–220 min). IL-1β (P = 0.0007), IL-6 (P < 0.001), IL-7 (P = 0.012), IL-8 (P < 0.001), IL-13 (P < 0.001), and GM-CSF (P = 0.008) increased with time in the patients, whereas IL-6 (P < 0.001), IL-8 (P < 0.001), and IL-13 (P = 0.042) increased with time in the controls (Friedman test). IL-6 (P < 0.001), IL-8 (P = 0.001), IL-13 (P = 0.035), and TNF (P = 0.042) had increased after clenching (160 min) compared to baseline (140 min) in the patients, and IL-6 (P = 0.004) and IL-8 (P = 0.032) had increased in the controls (Wilcoxon test). There were no significant differences in cytokine levels between patients and controls after clenching (160 min), although there was a trend for IL-8 (Mann-Whitney U-test, P = 0.074). *= significant difference between the groups (P < 0.05)