Table 3.

Self-processes used by the self as an executive agent.

Term	Related terms	Definition
Self-regulation	• Self-control • Self-improvement • Free will • Volition • Agency	Altering one’s behavior, resisting temptation, changing one’s mood, selecting a response from various options, filtering irrelevant information (Baumeister and Vohs, 2007).
Self-agency	• Self-determination • Autonomy	Subjective awareness that one is initiating, executing, and controlling one’s own volitional actions in the world (Jeannerod, 2003).
Self-discipline	Self-control	The actual act of doing things that increase the likelihood of successful self-regulation (Self-discipline, 2016).
Self-talk	• Inner speech • Private speech • Self-directed speech • Subvocal/covert/acommunicative speech • Auditory imagery • Speech-for-self • Propositional thought • Self-verbalizations • Internal dialog/monolog • Sub-vocalizations • Self-statements • Silent verbal thinking	Talking to oneself either silently or aloud (Morin, 2012).
Self-description		Non-evaluative list of self-aspects (Higgins, 1996).
Self-evaluation	Self-assessment	Comparison between real and ideal selves (Higgins, 1987; Sedikides, 1993).
Self-presentation	• Self-monitoring • Self-management • Impression formation	Manipulating the impression one makes on others (Martin and Leary, 1999).
Self-monitoring	• Self-affirmation • Self-promotion	Actual active process of self-management; careful self-focus aimed at making a good impression (Snyder and Gangestad, 1986).
Self-disclosure	Openness	Willingness to open up to others and share self-information (Cozby, 1973).
Self-actualization	Actualization	Realization or fulfillment of one’s talents and potentialities (Maslow, 1962).