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. 2017 Feb 28;10:49. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00049

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Copyright © 2017 Xue, Shi, Chen, Hang, Xia, Wu, Tao, Zhou, Shi and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Melatonin alleviates KA-induced Ca²⁺ elevation and calpain activation. (A) Fura-2 AM probe was used to determine real-time Ca²⁺ concentration in KA and/or melatonin-treated N2a cells. (B) Concentration of total intracellular Ca²⁺ in KA and/or melatonin-treated N2a cells. (C) Relative activity of calpain in KA and/or melatonin-treated N2a cells (^∗∗P < 0.01 vs. controls; ^##P < 0.01 vs. the KA group; significant difference from the respective values determined by one-way analysis of variance test. n = 3 for Ca²⁺ image; n = 5 for activity assay).