Fig. 2.

Time to readaptation. Pre-evolved WT-VCS were subjected to a change to a novel environment (1 or 2) and allowed 1000 generations (grey shaded area) to readapt. The time in generations to reach the high fitness value (>0.85) was recorded and binned per 50 generations. 4 WT-VCS × 3 evolutionary time points × 4 replicates yield 48 runs for each environment. 83% and 86% of populations in environment 1 and 2, respectively, reached high fitness before 1000 generations. For comparison, the adaptation times of the original WT-VCS are indicated by arrows in the same plot