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. 2016 Oct 25;10(1):114–131. doi: 10.1177/1756283X16671287

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© The Author(s), 2016

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page(https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 1. — Histone methylation. Histone methylation is regulated by two families of enzymes: histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and histone demethylases (HDMs). The methylation occurs at side chains of both lysine and arginine, which are catalyzed by protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs) and protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), respectively. The methylation states are substrate specific: for lysine, there are mono-, di-, and trimethylation; for arginine, there are mono-methylation and symmetrical/asymmetrical dimethylation.