Table 1.

Framework of Constructs Affecting Implementation of Health Innovations (adapted from Chaudoir et al., 2013)

Factors (or Constructs)	Definition	Examples (or Sub-constructs)
1. Structural	“The outer setting or external structure of the broader sociocultural context or community in which a specific organization is nested.” (Chaudoir et al., 2013, Haines et al., 2004)	•physical environment (e.g., elements that pose barriers to health care access) •political or social climate (e.g., liberal vs. conservative) •public policies (e.g., laws governing health care practices) •economic climate (e.g., funding available) •infrastructure (e.g., access to public transportation).
2. Organizational	“Aspects of the organization in which an innovation is being implemented.” (Chaudoir et al., 2013)	•leadership effectiveness •culture or climate (e.g., extent to which an organization values and rewards an innovation) •staff satisfaction or morale.
3. Provider	“Aspects of the [team, practice or group of providers] who implement the innovation with a patient or client.” (Chaudoir et al., 2013)	•attitude toward evidence-based practice •perceived control to implement an innovation.
4. Innovation	“Aspects of the innovation that will be implemented”. (Chaudoir et al., 2013)	•relative advantage of using an innovation beyond current practices •quality of the evidence supporting the benefit of an innovation.
5. Patient	“Patient characteristics […] that can impact implementation outcomes.” (Chaudoir et al., 2013, Feldstein and Glasgow, 2008)	•health-related beliefs •motivation •personality traits •behavioral risk factors (e.g., alcohol misuse) •beliefs and/or attitudes (e.g., trust/mistrust of medical practices).