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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Total Environ. 2016 Dec 22;580:1276–1286. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.090

Table 2.

Demographic and residential characteristics of the study population (n=100).

Characteristic Number/percenta
Study center
 Detroit 27
 Iowa 28
 LA 20
 Seattle 25
Case 60
Male 55
White 92
Smoking status
 Never 19
 Former 17
 Current 9
 Not ascertained 55
Single family home 74
Number of homes ≤ 5 km of PCDD/F facilities:
 Medical waste incinerators 43
 Coal-fired power plants 31
 Sewage sludge incinerators 28
 Municipal solid waste incinerators 16
 Non-hazardous waste cement kilns 15
 Hazardous waste incinerators 11
 >1 Facility Type 48
Median (IQR)
Census block population density (ppsm)b 5154 (2393, 7296)
Year residence built 1956 (1945 (1970)
Distance to freight route (meters)c 393 (203, 693)
Distance to major road (meters)c 1000 (418, 1000)
a

The numbers add up to 100; therefore number=percent.

b

2000 U.S. Census of Population and Housing; ppsm=persons per square mile

c

Residences > 1000 m from a freight route or major road were assigned a distance of 1000 m.