Table 5.
Other outcomes reported in oligosaccharide interventions reporting on bacterial composition.
| Reference | Fiber Type | Evidence of Fermentation | Evidence of Fecal Bulking | Evidence of Changes in Transit Time | Evidence of Other Changes in Host Physiology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [35] | FOS | S | NS | -- | S: GI symptoms (mild bloating) |
| NS: Fecal pH | |||||
| [36] | FOS | NS | -- | -- | S: GI symptoms (excess flatus) |
| NS: Fecal pH | |||||
| [37] | FOS | S | -- | -- | NS: GI symptoms |
| GOS | S | -- | -- | NS: GI symptoms | |
| [38] | FOS | -- | -- | NS | NS: GI symptoms, fecal pH |
| GOS | -- | -- | NS | NS: GI symptoms, fecal pH | |
| SB-OS | -- | -- | NS | NS: GI symptoms, fecal pH | |
| [39] | FOS | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| [40] | FOS | S | S | -- | S: GI symptoms (flatulence and intestinal bloating) |
| NS: fecal water pH | |||||
| [41] | FOS | -- | -- | -- | S: GI symptoms |
| NS: fecal pH | |||||
| [42] | GOS | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| GOS | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| [43] | GOS | -- | -- | -- | NS: Total and HDL cholesterol# |
| [44] | FOS | -- | -- | -- | S: GI symptoms |
| [45] | AX-OS | -- | NS | -- | NS: Total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol # |
| [46] | GOS | -- | -- | -- | NS: GI symptoms, stool consistency # |
| [47] | X-OS | S | -- | -- | NS: Stool consistency # |
| [48] | AX-OS | S | -- | S | NS: Stool consistency # |
| [49] | AX-OS | S | -- | NS | NS: Total energy intake, total and LDL cholesterol #, stool consistency |
| [50] | AX-OS | S | -- | -- | -- |
| [51] | AX-OS | S | NS | NS | NS: LDL cholesterol #, fasting insulin and glucose, stool consistency |
| [52] | GOS | -- | -- | -- | S: Total cholesterol and insulin |
| NS: LDL, and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, or fasting glucose | |||||
| [53] | AX-OS | S | -- | NS | NS: GI symptoms |
| [54] | X-OS | NS | -- | NS | NS: Fecal pH, GI symptoms |
| [55] | GOS | -- | NS | S | S: Satiety, total energy intake |
| NS: Weight/Adiposity | |||||
| [56] | GOS | S | NS | NS | -- |
Abbreviations: AX-OS, arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides; FOS, fructooligosaccharides; GOS, galactooligosaccharides; NS, no statistically significant health benefit was observed; S, a significant effect was observed; SB-OS, soybean oligosaccharides; X-OS, xylo-oligosaccharides; # No significant effect of intervention, but the effect was in a direction opposite to providing a health benefit.