Table 2.
Descriptive data of PREDIMED score stratified by sex, age, and BMI.
| BMI | Males n = 461 | Females n = 552 | p | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PREDIMED Score | PREDIMED Score | ||||||||||
| n | Mean | SD | 10th | 5th | n | Mean | SD | 10th | 5th | ||
| Normal weight | |||||||||||
| 18–28 years | 25 | 6.9 | ±3.34 | 3.00 | 2.20 | 31 | 10.0 | ±2.51 | 5.00 | 4.50 | <0.001 |
| 29–38 years | 15 | 11.0 | ±1.79 | 9.00 | 8.70 | 25 | 12.1 | ±1.94 | 11.40 | 9.40 | 0.041 |
| 39–48 years | 14 | 11.1 | ±2.09 | 8.30 | 7.30 | 31 | 10.9 | ±1.45 | 9.00 | 8.50 | 0.748 |
| 49–58 years | 12 | 8.5 | ±2.97 | 4.20 | 3.10 | 11 | 8.8 | ±2.40 | 5.00 | 4.50 | 0.779 |
| p | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| Overweight | |||||||||||
| 18–28 years | 33 | 6.7 | ±2.82 | 4.00 | 3.00 | 27 | 8.5 | ±2.71 | 5.00 | 4.30 | 0.001 |
| 29–38 years | 30 | 8.8 | ±2.03 | 5.90 | 5.00 | 13 | 10.7 | ±1.43 | 8.40 | 8.00 | 0.012 |
| 39–48 years | 27 | 9.3 | ±2.22 | 5.60 | 5.00 | 31 | 9.2 | ±2.40 | 7.00 | 6.00 | 0.818 |
| 49–58 years | 27 | 7.7 | ±2.70 | 4.00 | 3.30 | 14 | 7.5 | ±3.37 | 4.00 | 3.65 | 0.874 |
| p | <0.001 | 0.013 | |||||||||
| Obesity grade I | |||||||||||
| 18–28 years | 32 | 6.2 | ±3.09 | 2.00 | 1.55 | 34 | 7.2 | ±1.79 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 0.008 |
| 29–38 years | 17 | 7.8 | ±2.46 | 4.20 | 3.00 | 25 | 9.6 | ±1.15 | 9.00 | 8.20 | 0.001 |
| 39–48 years | 16 | 7.6 | ±2.85 | 4.00 | 2.75 | 27 | 8.3 | ±1.54 | 6.60 | 6.00 | 0.353 |
| 49–58 years | 22 | 6.8 | ±2.34 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 22 | 6.0 | ±2.33 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 0.252 |
| p | 0.198 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| Obesity grade II | |||||||||||
| 18–28 years | 27 | 4.2 | ±2.05 | 2.00 | 1.30 | 33 | 5.6 | ±1.67 | 4.00 | 3.60 | 0.003 |
| 29–38 years | 18 | 8.4 | ±1.50 | 6.70 | 5.85 | 30 | 8.1 | ±1.88 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 0.489 |
| 39–48 years | 21 | 6.4 | ±1.80 | 5.00 | 4.00 | 30 | 7.2 | ±1.90 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 0.026 |
| 49–58 years | 21 | 5.0 | ±1.38 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 23 | 6.3 | ±2.18 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 0.011 |
| p | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| Obesity grade III | |||||||||||
| 18–28 years | 30 | 3.0 | ±1.35 | 1.90 | 1.00 | 31 | 4.0 | ±0.91 | 3.00 | 2.50 | 0.001 |
| 29–38 years | 21 | 6.7 | ±1.80 | 5.00 | 4.00 | 52 | 6.4 | ±1.96 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 0.412 |
| 39–48 years | 33 | 4.4 | ±2.13 | 2.00 | 1.60 | 39 | 4.7 | ±0.76 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 0.641 |
| 49–58 years | 20 | 2.7 | ±1.18 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 23 | 3.6 | ±1.03 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 0.007 |
| p | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||
Across all BMI categories, females showed an overall higher adherence to Mediterranean diet compared with males up to 18–28 age years. Within each sex and BMI group, PREDIMED score increased significantly up to 29–38 years, with a subsequent decline along with increasing age. In contrast, within each sex and age group PREDIMED score tended to decrease with increasing BMI. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. p value in bold type denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05). PREDIMED, PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea, BMI, Body Mass Index; SD, Standard Deviation.