Table 3.
Brain metabolite concentration were acquired for MS patients and HCs by applying PRESS-MRSI and fast MRSI methods
| Methods | TE/TR (ms) | Metabolite (mM) | Tacq a (min) | Brain region/ FOV/voxel size/Cohort/Bo (Tesla) | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2D-MRSI | 30/3000 | CGM: Controls, tNAA: 8.3 ± 1.0, Cr: 5.9 ± 0.8 RRMS, tNAA: ↓, Cr: ↓ |
29 | NAWM, CGM/ 30 cm/2.34 mL/ 16 RRMS, 12 HCs/1.5 T | [111] |
| 2D-MRSI | 135/1800 | Controls, NAA/Cr: 2.22 ± 0.19 RRMS, NAA/Cr: ↓ PPMS, NAA/Cr: ↓ |
13 | WM, NAWM/ 21 × 21 cm/ 2.4 cm3/ 15 PPMS, 13 RRMS & 20 HCs/ 1.5 T. | [104] |
| PRESS-MRSI | 30/3000 | NAWM: Controls, tNAA: 8.82, Cr: 4.87 RRMS, tNAA: ↓, Cr : ↓ |
NAWM, CGM/ 30x30 cm/ 2.3 mL/ 25 RRMS, 28 HCs/ 1.5 T | [105] | |
| 2D-MRSI | 135/1500 | GM: Controls, NAA:10.63 ± 0.6, Cr:6.13 ± 0.31 PPMS, NAA: ↓, Cr: ↓ WM: Controls, NAA:11.48 ± 0.37, Cr: 5.35 ± 0.45 PPMS, NAA: ↓, Cr: ↓ |
7 | WM and GM/ 16 ×16 cm2/ 2 cm3/ 4 PPMS & 4 HCs/ 1.5 T | [112] |
| PRESS-MRSI | 30/3000 | NAWM: Controls, tNAA: 9.18 ± 0.6 RRMS, tNAA: ↓ CGM: Controls, tNAA: 9.28 ± 1.02 RRMS, tNAA: ↓ |
NA | NWWM and CGM/ 30x30 cm/ 20 RRMS, 10 HCs /1.5 T | [107] |
| 3D-MRSI | 70/1710 | GM: Controls, NAA:8.5 ± 0.6, Cr: 6.8 ± 0.6 RRMS, NAA: ↑, Cr: ↑ WM: Controls, NAA:7.9 ± 0.6, Cr: 4.9 ± 0.2 RRMS, NAA: ↓, Cr: ↑ |
34 | WM and GM/ 16x16 cm/ 0.75 cm3, 18 RRMS, 10 HCs/ 3 T | [102] |
| MRSI | 135/1000 | RRMS, NAA: 8.45 ± 0.88, Cr: 5.2 ± 0.73 PPMS, NAA: ↓, Cr:↑ |
45 | MS lesion for RRMS & PPMS/ 16×16/ 1.2 cm3/ 15 RRMS, 15 PPMS/ 3 T | [113] |
| 2D PRESS-MRSI | 135/1500 | NAWM: Controls, NAA: 12.3 ± 0.4, Cr: 8.4 ± 0.4 RRMS, NAA: ↑, Cr: ↑ SPMS, NAA: ↓, Cr: ↓ |
15 | Fronto-parietal WM/ 16x16 cm/1 cm3/ 27 RRMS, 10 SPMS & 8 HCs/ 3 T | [109] |
| EPSI | 272/4000 | Normal VEP, NAA: 7692 ± 632 Abnormal VEP NAA: ↓ |
9 | Mid-thalamus / 24 cm/ 9 MS with abnormal VEP& 8 MS normal VEP/ 1.5 T | [5] |
| 3D-EPSI | 144/2000 | Central brain: Controls, NAA/Cr: 1.963 ± 0.167 MS patients, NAA/Cr: ↓ |
20 | Corpus callosum, STB/ 24x24x16 cm/ 1 cm3/ 9 RRMS, 21 SPMS, 18 PPMS & 10 HCs/ 1.5 T | [114] |
| EPSI | 144/4300 | NAA/Cr: 1.55 ± 0.1 from RRMS | 20 | Whole brain/ not reported /1 cm3, 20 RRMS & 75 HCs/ 1.5 T | [115] |
| Spiral-MRSI | 144/2000 | WM: Controls, NAA: 159 A.U. (mean conc.) RRMS, NAA: ↓ SPMS, NAA: ↓ |
15 | NAWM, GM in supratentorial brain/ 24 cm/ 1.2 mL/ 5 RRMS, 5 SPMS & 9 HCs/ 1.5 T | [4] |
| EPSI | 144/4300 | Controls, NAA/Cr: 1.5 ± 0.09 MS patients, NAA/Cr: ↑ |
20 | Whole brain/ not reported/ 1 cm3, 18 RRMS & 18 HCs/ 1.5 T | [86] |
| 3D-EPSI | 20/1720 | GM: Controls, NAA: 10 ± 0.85, Glx: 6.5 ± 1.1 MS patients, NAA: ↓, Glx: ↓ |
17.48 | Whole brain/ 28×28×18 cm/ 1 cm3, 19 RRMS & 19 HCs / 3 T | [117] |
a Tacq acquisition time