Fig. 1.

Noatak National Preserve study area in northwestern Alaska. Caribou from the Western Arctic Caribou Herd move through the preserve in autumn and cross the Noatak River, which is heavily used by both local and non-local hunters. Analyses focused on the area within Noatak, but model runs included a 20 km buffer around the preserve to avoid edge effects in resistance modeling. Range map courtesy of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game