Table 2.

The associations between time-varying blood pressure and GFR change rates in linear mixed regression analyses. The RENIS-FU study

BP component	Model 1a			Model 2b
	Beta (mL/min/year)	95% confidence interval	P-value	Beta (mL/min/year)	95% confidence interval	P-value
Systolic BP per 10 mmHg	0.09	0.02 to 0.17	0.02	0.10‡	0.02 to 0.18	0.02
Diastolic BP per 10 mmHg	0.16	0.02 to 0.30	0.03	0.20§	0.05 to 0.34	0.01
Pulse pressure per 10 mmHg	0.08	-0.03 to 0.19	0.15	0.07	-0.04 to 0.18	0.21
Mean arterial pressure per 10 mmHg	0.15	0.03 to 0.27	0.01	0.17||	0.05 to 0.30	0.007

Each horizontal section in the table corresponds to one linear mixed regression model. Negative coefficients indicate a steeper GFR decline; positive coefficients a slower decline. The models used time-varying independent variables measured at both baseline and follow-up

Abbreviations: RENIS-FU Study the Renal Iohexol-clearance Survey Follow-up Study, BP blood pressure

^aModel 1 adjusted for age; sex; body weight; height; individual dichotomous variables for the use of ACE-inhibitors, A2-receptor blockers, beta-blockers, calcium-blockers, diuretics and other antihypertensives

^bAdjusted as model 1 and in addition LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, fasting triglycerides, fasting glucose, urinary ACR, pulse frequency, number of cigarettes currently smoked, a dichotomous variable for the weekly use of alcohol or not

^‡ P < 0.001 for the interaction between systolic BP and the use of any antihypertensive medication. Beta = 0.01 without and 0.33 mL/min/year/10 mmHg with antihypertensive medication

^§ P = 0.001 for the interaction between diastolic BP and the use of any antihypertensive medication. Beta = 0.09 without and 0.42 mL/min/year/10 mmHg with antihypertensive medication

^|| P < 0.001 for the interaction between mean arterial pressure and the use of any antihypertensive medication. Beta = 0.05 without and 0.49 mL/min/year/10 mmHg with antihypertensive medication